影響婦女參與乳房攝影檢查意圖相關因素之研究-以台北縣三芝鄉婦女為例

Abstract

本研究之目的在瞭解50-70歲婦女參與免費乳房攝影檢查之情形，並探討 個人因素、乳癌防治相關知識、社會心理因素與參與乳房攝影檢查之意圖關係及 其相關。母群體為台北縣三芝鄉2174位婦女，採簡單隨機抽樣，進行自填或協 助填答方式，獲得有效問卷共計330人。研究結果顯示： 一、36.1%的人認為自己未來兩年會參與乳房攝影檢查。 二、研究對象對乳癌防治相關知識偏低、對乳房攝影檢查的障礙性偏高、自我效 能偏低、結果期待中立偏負向、所獲得的社會支持偏低。 三、年齡越大，接受乳房攝影檢查的意圖較弱；有偶者較無偶者有較強的檢查意圖；社經地位愈高時，其接受乳房攝影檢查意圖較高；無過去病史、在不知道過去親近的人有無罹患乳癌、無自覺乳房異樣症狀者有較弱的檢查意圖；而3年內有做過乳房檢查較無做過任何乳房檢查有較強的檢查意圖。 四、乳癌防治相關知識愈高、對乳房攝影檢查的結果期待愈高、社會支持愈高、自我效能愈高，其參與乳房攝影檢查意圖呈現正相關；而對乳房攝影檢查的障礙性認知愈高，其參與乳房攝影檢查意圖呈現負相關。 五、整個模式可解釋參與乳房攝影檢查意圖總變異量的65.1％（Adjusted R2＝65.1%），其中顯著的預測變項有做過乳房檢查、乳癌防治相關知識、對乳房攝影的自我效能、結果期待、社會支持；其中又以「結果期待」標準化回歸係絕對值最大，表示對參與乳房攝影檢查意圖解釋力最強。The purpose of this study were to explore people’ s cognition and intention about mammogram service,which was offered as a free service for women at age 50 to 70.Apart from learning about the situation of women’s participation in, the mammography researcher investigated the relationship between women’s intention of taking part in mammography,between the individual factors, between their knowledge about breast cancer prediction, and between socio-psychological factors. The Population includes 2174 in Sanjhih Township of Taipei County Historyand data were collected successfully from 330 subjects .The questionnaires were answered by subjects themselves or answered with assistance. The followings are the results: 1.36.1% women would keep participating in mammogram in the next two years. 2.The subjects’ knowledge about breast cancer prediction and mammography are low. Their knowledge about mammography perceived barriers are high. Their self-efficiency and outcome-expectancy and social support is near low. 3.The older they were, the lower intention of mammography was. Women with couples had high motivation for examining than those without couples. As for the socio-economic influence, women at higher socio-economic status have higher intention. Women who had no medical history, who had no idea about if their relatives have had breast cancer, and who had no abnormal feelings kept lower motivation for examining. Besides, women who have been examined in this three years have higher intention than those who have not been examined. 4.The knowledge, result expectation, social support, and self-efficiency were positively related with the intention of mammography. However, perceived barriers was negative related with it. 5.The results are so significant that they can explain the related variable explained 65.1％ of variance in mammography intention. Among them, outcome-expectancy, having been examined, knowledge about breast cancer prediction, self-efficiency and social support were significant predictable variances of mammography intention.