超對稱破缺在亞穩定真空態的探討

Abstract

在這篇論文中，我們研究利用亞穩定真空態來破缺超對稱的模型。首先我們回顧過去的超對稱破缺的模型(1974, O'Raiferataigh models)，這些模型是利用位能中非零的F項來破缺超對稱，然後我們在位能中加入微小項來製造出超對稱真空以及亞穩定真空態來破缺超對稱。接著，我們考慮在2008年提出的模型(K.R.Dienes and B. Thomas)，在這模型中，位能包含有有F、D項，藉此提供了複雜的真空結構，其中包含了超對稱以及亞穩定真空態。我們試著簡單化這個模型而寫出我們自己的模型。We study supersymmetry breaking by metastable vacua. First we investigate the general O'Raiferataigh models. These models use a non-zero F-term to break SUSY. We show how an additional small interaction term would generate a SUSY vacuum and a metastable SUSY breaking state. The general features are studied when we extend the pseudo-potential to a more general form and we find some very unusual moduli structures in certain interesting choices. Then we consider the work of K.R. Dienes and B. Thomas (2008). In this latter model, both D-term and F-term are present in the scalar potential. Hence it offers a very rich vacuum structure including several unstable states, a SUSY vacuum and a metastable SUSY breaking state. We generalize the model by various simpli¯cations and demonstrate how the crucial features could be preserved and even improved upon. In both of the above cases, the vacuum structure can be determined perturbatively at tree level. This is a huge advantage over strong interacting SUSY breaking models. The tunneling between the metastable state and the real vacuum can be calculated. We study some physical implications of these models.