影響缺牙患者復治療意圖之相關因素研究--以台北縣新店市某四所牙醫診所為例

Abstract

本論文的主要目的在於了解缺牙患者接受復治療的意圖現況，並進一步探討個人因素、社會心理因素與其復治療意圖的關係。本研究以民國94年9至11月在台北縣新店市某四所牙醫診所就診之成年缺牙病患為收案對象，並利用自填式問卷方式進行資料收集，成功收案共計192人。所得資料以t檢定、單因子變異數分析、點二系列相關分析、皮爾森積差相關、複迴歸分析等統計方法進行分析，重要結果歸納如下：

一、62.5％的人認為自己在未來兩個月內會開始進行復治療。 二、研究對象對缺牙及復治療的相關知識偏低、對復治療的結果期待屬正向、對復治療的障礙性認知及牙科就醫焦慮偏高、所獲得的復治療社會支持偏高、對復治療的自我效能偏低。 三、復治療意圖在個人背景因素方面：外省籍高於台閩籍、缺牙5～10年的患者高於10年以上者、有復經驗者高於無經驗者，過去復治療狀況普通及良好者高於不好者；口腔健康自覺狀況不好者高於普通及良好者；而嚼食檳榔的人，其復意圖較低。 四、在社會心理因素方面，復治療結果期待、社會支持與自我效能均與治療意圖呈現正相關；而復治療障礙性則與治療意圖呈現負相關。至於缺牙/ 復相關知識、牙科就醫焦慮則與治療意圖無顯著相關。 五、籍貫、嚼檳榔習慣、缺牙時間、有無復治療經驗、口腔健康自覺狀況、復治療結果期待、復治療障礙性認知、復治療的社會支持與自我效能等九個變項對復治療意圖的預測力達46.5％（Adjusted R2＝42.6％），其中「復治療的自我效能」對研究對象之復治療意圖解釋力最大，其次為「口腔健康自覺狀況不好」、「缺牙五至十年」、「復治療結果期待」、「嚼檳榔習慣」，這五個變項均對復治療意圖有顯著預測力。The main purpose of this study was to identify factors (including selected demographic characteristics& psychosocial variables) that may influence prosthodontic treatment intention of tooth loss patients. By using a purposeful sampling method, 192 adult dental patients who at least lost one tooth were selected to participate in this survey. The data was collected by a self-administrated questionnaire in 4 dental clinics in Xindian City from Sep. to Nov. 2005. T-test, one-way ANOVA, point- biserial correlation, Pearson’s product-moment correlation & multiple regression were used to analyze the data. The results indicated that:

1.62.5% of the subjects had positive intention for prosthodontic treat- ment in the future 2 months. 2.The subjects’ Outcome Expectancy& Social Support for pros- thodontic treatment were positive, but Knowledge & Self-efficacy was poor. Besides, Perceived Barriers & Dental Anxiety were high. 3.The following subjects had poorer treatment intention: Taiwanese, betal nut chewer, positive perceived oral health, had lost tooth for more than 10 years & had no or bad prosthodontic experience. 4.Outcome Expectancy, Perceived Barriers, Social Support & Self- efficacy were significantly associated with treatment intention. 5.The relatedvariables explained 46.5% of the variance in treatment intention. Among them, Self-efficacy, Perceived Oral Health, the Period since tooth was lost, Outcome Expectancy& Betal-nut Chewing were significant predictors of prosthodontic treatment intention.