國民中學校長卓越領導之個案研究

Abstract

本研究旨在探討國民中學（以下簡稱國中）校長卓越領導之人格特質、行為、能力與對學校革新的效應，了解校長卓越領導的形成因素及影響。本研究的目的是在期望能激勵學校領導者能以卓越校長為標竿，以形塑學校教育的優質文化，使我們的教育能夠邁向卓越的理想境界。最後依據本研究結論，分別對現職校長、教育主管機關與後續研究者提出建議。本研究依據上述主旨所擬定之研究設計為實證分析，主要是以兩位國中校長為研究對象，並採用訪談法、觀察法、文件分析等研究方法，蒐集並分析國中校長卓越領導具有的人格特質、行為與能力與對學校革新的效應，經由歸納整理出校長卓越領導應具有的共同因素與效應，以達成本研究的目的。

本研究經過理論建構與實證分析兩階段的研究歷程，因應研究目的所提出的研究問題而獲得的研究結果臚列如下： 一、校長卓越領導具有承擔與負責的人格特質，可以促進學校轉型。 二、校長卓越領導具有愛心與誠信的人格特質，可以增進辦學績效。 三、校長卓越領導具有勇敢不退縮的人格特質，可以引領學校革新。 四、校長卓越領導展現授權與溝通共識的行為，可以促進校園和諧。 五、校長卓越領導展現以身作則做榜樣的行為，可以贏得成員追隨。 六、校長卓越領導展現激勵與關懷成員的行為，可以驅動成員動機。 七、校長卓越領導展現同理心換位思考的能力，能夠有效領導成員。 八、校長卓越領導展現洞察機先準確預判的能力，能夠有利目標達成。 九、校長卓越領導展現人際公關獲取資源的能力，能夠有助校務推動。 十、校長卓越領導能培養人才與重整組織，提高行政運作革新的效能。 十一、校長卓越領導能以科技領導創新教學，增進課程教學革新的成效。十二、校長卓越領導能擴大學生學習的機會，提升學生學習革新的表現。根據上述研究結果歸納為具體結論，以提供現職校長、教育主管機關和後續研究提出具體建議與參考。

關鍵字：校長卓越領導、校長卓越領導人格特質、校長卓越領導行為、校長卓越領導能力、學校革新The purpose of this study is to explore the effects of the principals’ characteristics, behaviors, and abilities on the schools’ innovation as well as the elements and influences of the principals’ distinguished leadership. The goal of this study is to inspire the schools’ principals, as a model, to cultivate the positive school cultures, which can lead the schools to the ideal situations. In the end, based on the results of the study, the researcher can offer some suggestions to the present principals, the education administrators, and the follow-up researchers.The study adopts the Empirical Analysis - do the Interviews with two junior high school principals as the participants. Meanwhile, both Observation Method and Documentary Research are applied to gather and analyze the effects, resulting from the principals’ characteristics, behaviors, and abilities, on the school innovation. To achieve the goal of the study, what elements and influences of the principals’ distinguished leadership should have in common would be concluded.

With the process oftwo stages, Theory Construction and Empirical Analysis, the results of this study are listed as follows:1. Principal's distinguished leadership has the characteristic of responsibility, which can promote the transformation of the school. 2. Principal's distinguished leadership has the characteristic of love and integrity, which can improve the performance of running a school. 3. Principal's distinguished leadership has the characteristic of courage not to back down, which can lead the school innovation. 4. Principal's distinguished leadership shows behaviors of authorization and communication, which can promote campus harmony.5. Principal's the distinguished leadership shows the behavior of leading by example, which can win members to follow. 6. Principal's distinguished leadership shows the behaviors of inspiring and caring members, which can drive member motivation. 7. Principal's distinguished leadership demonstrates the ability to think with empathy and differently, which can effectively lead members. 8. Principal's distinguished leadership demonstrates the ability of insight to predict accurately, which can be favorable goals achieved.9. Principal's distinguished leadership demonstrates the ability of interpersonal public relations to access resources , which can facilitate the promotion of school affairs. 10. Principal's distinguished leadership can train talents and reorganize the organization, which improve the efficiency of administrative operation innovation. 11. Principal's distinguished leadership can lead innovative teaching with science and technology to enhance the effectiveness of curriculum teaching innovation.12. Principal's distinguished leadership can expand students' learning opportunities and enhance their performance in learning innovation.

Based on the above findings, they are conclusions to provide specific recommendations and references for current principals, educational authorities and follow-up researchers.

Key words: principal's distinguished leadership, principal's distinguished leadership characteristic, principal's distinguished leadership behavior, principal's distinguished leadership ability, school innovation.