以創新育成理念發展印刷產業策略規劃之研究

Abstract

我國印刷產業中大都以中小企業為主，此種經營方式在人才吸引、生產設備提昇以及生產成本的降低等方面，均缺乏經濟規模的優勢。同時印刷產業已從依賴物理、化學的範疇，轉而逐漸增加比重在以資訊為主導的生產型態，造成產業技術障礙日漸消失，同業間以價格做為競爭的手段。因此，此種經營環境的改變，促使印刷產業必須追求產業創新策略形成市場區隔，才能無懼外在環境的變化。 因此本研究擬採用文獻分析、深入訪談及焦點團體訪談等方法，針對目前印刷產業現況進行深入分析，探討印刷產業內部因素、外在因素並找出印刷產業之競爭優勢。本研究首先透過深入訪談法，針對印刷產業中的創新育成中心進駐廠商負責人進行調查，研究發現得知學術型育成中心並未完全提供育成中心應有的服務，探究原因可能是來自於背後育成中心的管理團隊能力；另一方面，從上述研究結果得知學術型育成中心對於印刷產業相關新事業體的培育模式似乎不適合，因此提出以虛擬育成模式為主軸，再輔以其他育成模式的優點，形成本研究之創新育成理念，並以該創新育成理念來發展印刷產業之相關策略。經研究結果發現，欲以創新育成理念發展印刷產業策略需要包含四個部分，首先具備一個動態化的知識團隊組成，以做為虛擬育成的營運中心平台；其次為形成虛擬育成的組織成員須包括產業鏈中的廠商、政府相關公部門及社會組織；而在虛擬育成的營運型態中，可以採用中心衛星工廠制度、群聚制度及協會制度等方式進行合作；再之於育成功能之中，虛擬育成的形成仍須包括育成中心既有的服務，還須強調各組織間的溝通能力。 Taiwan mostly takes small and medium-sized enterprises as the core which operated the reducing of human capital, equipment promoting and production cost in the printing industries. With the unfavorable situation, the SMEs of printing industry become to lack the advantage of economic scale and difficultly compete with large factories in Taiwan. In addition, the printing technology caused to decrease the categories of physics, chemistry and computer technologies take as a leading factor. Therefore, the printing industry loses the threshold and makes homogeneity of the products. Whole the printing industries must face the market of the price competition. Finally, the environment of printing industry needs to pursue a new innovative strategy to increase the competition in printing industry. The research plans to adopt the methods of literature review, interview and focus group interview and carries on in-depth analysis of printing industry. The researcher probes the internal, external factors of printing industry and finds out the competition advantages. The study is separated into two parts which contain face-to-face interview with new venture that was situated in incubators and use focus groups interview with scholars of incubators and managers of printing industry. First, the study finds that university-incubators haven’t provided the incubation services totally to the new ventures as the literature reviews because of the incubators management. Before taking the next part of focus groups interview, the research makes a hypothesis of virtual incubator that integrates the advantages of others incubators and becomes the incubation essence of this research. So the purpose of the research uses the fundamental of incubation essences which are developed the innovative strategies through the focus group interview in printing industry. Second, the research finds that the incubation essences that are developed virtual incubator needs to four categories: first, is the virtual operation platform which provides with dynamic and knowledge-based teams, second are formation virtual incubators members that need the firms of industry, government and civil society; third is operation model that will be take the cluster, consortium and center-firms models; final are virtual services which involves the communication skills and accesses to entrepreneurial start-up support of incubators.