民國十一年「壬戌學制」的研究

Abstract

本文主要在探討「壬戌學制」的發展情形，從時代背景、產生經過、學制內 容和後續影響四大面向加以說明，主要透過對文獻、史料的整理、分析與歸納， 以瞭解民國初期學制改革推動的情勢，並指出對我國當前教育改革的啟示。所得 結論如下： 一、全國教育會聯合會對1922年學制改革的影響，包括倡導先進的教育觀念、 積極推動教育實踐，在當時的教育界有著重要的政治地位。 二、該學制並非完全盲目抄襲美制，而是中國教育界思慮後的自主抉擇，不是政 府強行干涉的結果。 三、本文分析十九世紀末二十世紀初美國學校制度的發展歷程後，對於民國學制 改革與發展提出建議。 四、「壬戌學制」對我國當前教育改革的啟示是：必須處理教育與政治、經濟、 文化的關係，教育改革應保持漸進性和相對穩定性。 關鍵字：壬戌學制，新學制，全國教育會聯合會，中國近代教育The main purpose of this study is to inquire the emergence and establishment of Renxu School System in the early Republic of China, which was initiated by the National Federation of Educational Societies. There are several main findings of this thesis as follows: i. The National Federation of Educational Societies as a nationally professional organization, has great influenced on the school system reform in 1922, which introduced the new education ideas, and promoted education practices, and then it played an important political role in the development of the modern education in China. ii. Renxu School System didn’t transplant American school system blindly, but after debating Chinese educational groups made the decision independently, and was not intervened by the Government. iii. After analyzing the developmental process of the school system in America from the end of 19th century to the beginning of 20th century, the implication of its establishment suggested the reform and development of school system in the Republic of China. iv. The implication of Renxu School System to current education reform is that we must handle relation between the education and politics, economic, and culture, and we should keep progressive gradually& stable on education reform.