失智症長者之安撫物設計
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2023
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Abstract
隨著臺灣逐漸邁向超高齡社會，失智症的患病率也隨之增加。高齡化趨勢伴隨著照護需求的逐年增加，而失智症長者除了記憶力退化外，行為精神症狀更成為照顧者最大的壓力來源。本研究透過深度訪談，探討失智症長者在照護與治療上的現況以及情緒安撫的需求，同時也了解目前使用的安撫物品或安撫方式，女性長者對人型玩偶反應佳，男性對動物造型較有互動。透過訪談彙整，得出失智症長者安撫物設計核心，包括：（1）正面感受：透過不同感知，帶給失智長者溫暖愉悅的感受。（2）成就感：使失智長者感受有趣可愛、易於使用。（3）多樣化：多種造型滿足不同喜好。（4）聯想性：帶入生命經歷，增加共鳴。（5）互動性：聲音回饋可增加吸引力。（6）功能性：增加手部訓練功能，減緩退化。市面上的失智安輔輔具設計雖然有些會以聲音或肢體互動吸引失智症長者，但其造型較為固定，較難吸引不同生活經歷的失智症長者。因此，研究在安撫物的開發上，以娃娃治療為基礎，設計三款人型玩偶，藉由人生經歷的連結，可以展開12種不同的人型玩偶設定情境，更可符合失智照顧應以人為中心之照護方式，同時減輕照顧者的負擔，以達到提供更多失智症長者使用的目的。
As Taiwan progressively moves towards a super-aged society, the prevalence of dementia has been on the rise. The aging trend is accompanied by an increasing demand for caregiving, with behavioral and psychological symptoms becoming major stressors for caregivers, in addition to the cognitive decline experienced by dementia patients. This study utilized in-depth interviews to explore the current caregiving and treatment conditions, as well as the emotional soothing needs of dementia patients. Furthermore, the study aimed to understand the existing calming items or techniques employed. Results revealed that female elderly individuals responded favorably to humanoid dolls, while male elderly individuals engaged more with animal-shaped objects. Through interview synthesis, a core design for calming items for dementia patients was derived, comprising the following aspects: (1) Positive Sensations: Providing warmth and joy through different sensory experiences. (2) Sense of Achievement: Offering amusement, cuteness, and ease of use. (3) Diversity: Incorporating various shapes to cater to different preferences. (4) Associativity: Introducing life experiences to enhance emotional resonance. (5) Interactivity: Incorporating sound feedback to increase appeal. (6) Functionality: Enhancing hand-training capabilities and slowing cognitive decline. Although some dementia assistive devices on the market utilize sound or physical interactions to engage patients, their fixed designs make it challenging to attract individuals with diverse life experiences. Therefore, this research builds upon doll therapy, developing three humanoid dolls with connections to life experiences, offering 12 different scenarios to suit individual dementia patients. This person-centered approach to caregiving not only alleviates the burden on caregivers but also aims to provide a wider range of options for dementia patients.
As Taiwan progressively moves towards a super-aged society, the prevalence of dementia has been on the rise. The aging trend is accompanied by an increasing demand for caregiving, with behavioral and psychological symptoms becoming major stressors for caregivers, in addition to the cognitive decline experienced by dementia patients. This study utilized in-depth interviews to explore the current caregiving and treatment conditions, as well as the emotional soothing needs of dementia patients. Furthermore, the study aimed to understand the existing calming items or techniques employed. Results revealed that female elderly individuals responded favorably to humanoid dolls, while male elderly individuals engaged more with animal-shaped objects. Through interview synthesis, a core design for calming items for dementia patients was derived, comprising the following aspects: (1) Positive Sensations: Providing warmth and joy through different sensory experiences. (2) Sense of Achievement: Offering amusement, cuteness, and ease of use. (3) Diversity: Incorporating various shapes to cater to different preferences. (4) Associativity: Introducing life experiences to enhance emotional resonance. (5) Interactivity: Incorporating sound feedback to increase appeal. (6) Functionality: Enhancing hand-training capabilities and slowing cognitive decline. Although some dementia assistive devices on the market utilize sound or physical interactions to engage patients, their fixed designs make it challenging to attract individuals with diverse life experiences. Therefore, this research builds upon doll therapy, developing three humanoid dolls with connections to life experiences, offering 12 different scenarios to suit individual dementia patients. This person-centered approach to caregiving not only alleviates the burden on caregivers but also aims to provide a wider range of options for dementia patients.
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失智, 安撫輔具, 安撫玩偶設計, 深度訪談, comfort aids, dementia, in-depth interviews, comfort doll design