高中生生涯決定困難、生涯自我效能與焦慮憂鬱情緒之相關研究

Abstract

本研究的主要目的，在探討不同背景變項的高中生在生涯決定困難與生涯自我效能及焦慮憂鬱情緒上的差異情形，並探討高中生生涯決定困難與生涯自我效能及焦慮憂鬱情緒之關係。 本研究以調查法進行資料蒐集，使用之工具包括「生涯決定困難量表」、「生涯自我效能量表」與「曾氏心理健康量表」。研究對象為台北縣市共八所高中或完全中學高中部之高一、高二、高三男女學生，合計共910人。所得資料以單因子多變項變異數分析、典型相關分析、多元逐步迴歸分析等統計方法進行分析處理，研究結果如下： 一、高中生整體之生涯決定困難，因年級、性別、就讀類組、有無上過生涯課程、決定狀態等背景變項之不同而有差異，不因入學管道背景變項之不同而有差異。 二、高中生整體之生涯自我效能，因年級、性別、就讀類組、有無上過生涯課程、決定狀態等背景變項之不同而有差異，不因入學管道背景變項之不同而有差異。 三、高中生整體之焦慮憂鬱情緒，因年級、性別、決定狀態等背景變項之不同而有差異，不因入學管道、就讀類組、有無上過生涯課程等背景變項之不同而有差異 四、生涯決定困難與生涯自我效能之間，有四組典型相關達顯著意義。 五、生涯決定困難與生涯自我效能整體分數對焦慮情緒及憂鬱情緒所具有的預測力達統計上的顯著意義。其中生涯決定困難中的猶豫不決對焦慮情緒最有預測力，生涯自我效能中職業的自我評量對憂鬱情緒最有預測力。 最後根據本研究結果進行討論，並提出建議以做為高中生生涯輔導及未來研究的參考。

The purpose of the study was to explore the differences of career decision-making difficulties, career self-efficacy, and anxiety and depression between various backgrounds of senior high school students. The study also investigated the relationship among career decision-making difficulties, career self-efficacy, and anxiety and depression. The study gathered information through surveys, and utilized the instruments including Career Decision-making Difficulties Scale, Career Self-efficacy Scale, Zung’s self-administered Anxiety Scale, and Zung’s self-administered Depression Scale. The sample consisted of 910 students from eight senior high schools in Taipei. The obtained data were analyzed by one-way MANOVA, canonical correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis. The major findings were as follows：(1) Career decision-making difficulties perceived by senior high school students were different depending on different background variables such as grade, gender, major subjects, career courses, state of decision-making. (2) Career self-efficacy perceived by senior high school students were different dependent on different background variables such as grade, gender, major subjects, career courses, and state of decision-making. (3) Senior high school students’ scores on anxiety and depression scales were also different depending on background variables such as grade, gender, state of decision-making and so on. (4) Four canonical meaningfully related career decision-making difficulties with career self-efficacy. (5) Statistically, anxiety& depression are meaningfully predictable, using total scores of career decision-making difficulties and career self-efficacy. Finally, based on the findings, some suggestions for career guidance and future research were proposed.