數位化技術對電視新聞從業人員工作內涵改變之探討－以東森新聞台為例

Abstract

數位時代來臨，國內外各電視新聞台紛紛導入數位化技術以增進新聞產製的效益，全面性的新聞數位化處理將有助於提升新聞服務品質、多管道服務與新聞資產之有效管理與加值應用。從新聞台的角度而言，數位化技術的導入將對新聞產製以及新聞從業人員的工作帶來極大的影響。 本研究旨在探討數位化技術對新聞從業人員工作內涵改變之相關議題，首先透過文獻分析瞭解數位時代電視新聞服務的轉變、新聞從業人員的現階段工作內容及目前資訊科技應用於新聞台的情況，並以東森新聞台為例，透過質性研究的觀察法及深度訪談法，對新聞從業人員的工作流程、專業知能、新聞從業人員對數位化技術所抱持之態度及整體數位化技術的導入流程進行瞭解，藉以歸納出數位化技術對新聞從業人員工作內涵之影響。 研究結果發現，未來的電視新聞服務型態將更多元，但新聞詮釋資料的標準化卻更顯重要；另外，數位化技術使得新聞從業人員的工作比過去更仰賴電腦設備，相關的知識與能力也成為新聞從業人員必備的基礎素養；對於數位化技術的態度，則會隨著技術更臻圓熟及新聞從業人員日漸熟悉而使原先的恐懼感消除，進而積極接受工作流程上的改變；就整體而言，新聞台導入數位化技術是一項極為浩大的工程，欲使數位化技術的導入能順利且不影響新聞台本身的運作，以漸進的、階段性地加以導入是最好的方式。With the coming of the digital age, the television news station around the world gradually adopts digital technology into procedure to enhance the efficiency of news production. Comprehensive news digitization will be useful to promote the service quality of news, to provide multiple services, to administer news content more efficiently, to add value to news applications, and to change procedures of news production. This research primarily discusses (the issue that) how does digitization change the essences of journalists. Firstly, it takes document analyses to apprehend the alterations of television news services in the digital age, the current works of journalists, and the situations that technology apply to news stations. Besides, it takes ETTV as an instance, using observation and in-depth interview to comprehend the working process and the specialized knowledge of journalist, the attitude of journalist towards digitization, and the entire importing procedures of digitization. Based on the results, although future television news services are getting diversiform, the standardization of news metadata is more and more important. Besides, digitization makes the working process of journalists more dependent on computer equipment; computer knowledge and computer proficiency turn into essential abilities for journalists. When the technology is getting developed and journalists acquainted digitization comprehensively, journalists’ initial fear of digitization will disappear. Finally, journalists will accept the changes of their working process. As a whole, it is a tough work for television news stations to adopt digital technology. In order to keep stations working, the best way to adopt digital technology into news stations is to progress step by step.