台中市國民中學家長參與學校事務之研究

Abstract

本研究旨在了解台中市各國民中學(含三所市立高中附設國中部)家長參與學校事務之現況與相關問題，調查分析台中市各國民中學學生家長參與學校之意見，據以提出具體建議，供有關單位及人員參考。本論文以自編之「國民中學家長參與學校事務調查問卷」為研究工具，輔以訪談研究進行實證調查，有效樣本包括家長260人、教師349人、訪談對象5位。調查所得資料以平均數、標準差、獨立樣本t考驗、單因子變異數分析及薛費法事後多重比較等統計方法加以處理，以α = .05的顯著水準進行考驗之後，獲致以下幾項結論： 一、台中市公立國民中學家長參與學校事務，其整體運作績效良好，且助力多於阻力。 二、教師對於「參與學校事務範圍與內涵」中，屬教師專業部分及學校人事部分，仍持保留態度。 三、教師及家長均希望家長不僅參與班級事務且能協助全校性事務。 四、家長參與學校事務最大的問題，在於未曾參與學校事務的家長欠缺認同感。 五、教師及家長對於「家長參與學校事務」的看法都有差異存在，學校應努力建立共識。 六、研究對象均認同「干預」的存在，但普遍認為可防範於未然。 本研究並提出下列各項建議： 一、對主管教育行政機關的建議 (一)重視家長組織，辦理幹部研習。 (二)肯定家長付出，予以公開表揚。 (三)重視家長成長，主動關懷協助。 (四)提升教師知能，落實導入活動。 二、對校長的建議 (一)依法公正治校，防範參與變干預。 (二)運用溝通技巧，化差異為共識。 三、對學校人員的建議 (一)落實教育改革，形塑人文校園。 (二)規劃親師座談會，強化彼此合作。 (三)廣設溝通管道，重視家長意見。 四、對教師的建議 (一)了解家長需求，迅速反映意見。 (二)做好經師人師，全面參與關懷。 五、對家長會的建議 (一)建全組織運作，建立各種制度。 (二)專人負責業務，建置資源網站。 六、對未來研究的建議 (一)研究對象方面：納入私立國中，增加校長或學生。 (二)研究方法方面：可採用個案研究及觀察法。

The purposes of this study are (1) to explore the current situation about parent involvement in public junior high schools in Taichung , (2) to investigate the different opinions toward parent involvement between parents and teachers, (3) to provide information and suggestions for improving management of parent involvement for authorities concerned. The study has adopted the methods of questionnaire survey and personal interview. Firstly, the subjects of questionnaire survey included 311 parents and 385 teachers from 26 public junior high schools in Taichung, with the return of 260 parents and 349 teachers valid questionnaires. The data was analyzed through the methods of descriptive statistics, means, standard deviation, T-test, one-way ANOVA, Scheffe’s method, using SPSS for Windows 10.0 package. Secondly, conquested one principal, one teacher, two leaders of parents’ associations and one parent excluding involvement from school affairs participated the semi-structure personal interview. The main conclusions of this study as follows: 1. The parent involvement management in public junior high schools in Taichung is scaled as highly performance. 2. The teachers won’t consent to have the parents involved with instruction belonging special field of study. 3. The worse level of parent involvement is estrangement in the excluding parents. The barrier is that the parents who didn’t participate have no identification with the parents who involved. 4. Parents and teachers agree that the involvement must include not only the class affairs but also the school affairs. 5. Parents and teachers hold diverse viewpoints toward the parent involvement management. In order to avoid some difficulties that may occur, the principal and school administrators can adopt some methods making parents and teachers communicate with each other. 6. Parents and teachers recognize that it is convenient for the parents involved to interfere with school affairs. School administrators should take precautions against the meddling in advance. Based on the results of this study, some suggestions for educational authorities, principals, administrators in school, the teachers and the parents are offered.