身心障礙者受暴問題之調查研究－以家庭暴力及性侵害被害人為例

Abstract

根據國、內外研究顯示，由於身心障礙者的認知能力與社會適應力遠比一般人差，大多數身心障礙者在日常生活中，都需要依賴家庭成員提供協助，這些因素都是導致身心障礙者比一般人更容易遭受家庭暴力與性侵害威脅的主要原因，當身心障礙者遭受家庭暴力或性侵害之威脅時，也比一般人不容易擺脫暴力的傷害而邁向獨立生活。然而，在社會大眾對身心障礙者普遍的負面刻板印象，加上社會文化對於家庭暴力與性侵害充滿迷思的情況下，導致身心障礙者遭受家庭暴力與性侵害之議題備受忽略，進而影響身心障礙者的基本權益保障。本研究藉由對國外相關文獻資料的回顧與實務工作模式的彙整，不僅提供身心障礙受暴問題調查研究設計之參考，同時也做為未來規劃本土政策方向、服務內涵與福利輸送模式規劃之參考。 綜合歸納，本研究目的如下： （一）彙整國外身心障礙者遭受家庭暴力與性侵害之文獻及研究，做為本研究調查訪問研究設計之參考及做為未來相關政策與實務工作模式參考之依據。 （二）交叉比對內政部家庭暴力及性侵害與身心障礙之資料庫，以便瞭解過去五年來我國身心障礙者遭受家庭暴力與性侵害之現況。 （三）針對精神與智能兩種障礙者進行調查研究，以便了解身心障礙者受暴問題之現況與需求，進而推估全國身心障礙者受暴問題之發生率。 （四）藉由焦點團體訪問法收集第一線工作人員之經驗、意見與看法，做為未來規劃本土身心障礙受暴問題預防宣導、後續服務方案及相關政策之參考。

According to studies, most people with disabilities tend to be dependent on their families due to the limitations of cognition and adaptation, and more likely to be victims of family violence and sexual assault than people without disabilities. When people with disabilities are the victims of family violence or sexual assault, they usually cannot avoid threats of violence. However, these issues are neglected due to prevalent stereotype toward people with disabilities. The purposes of this study are four. The first is to make the suggestions for establishing the models of preventing violence against people with disabilities. The second, according to the analysis of database of family violence since 1999, is to understand the situation of people with disabilities who are victims of family violence and sexual assault. The third is to estimate the prevalence of people with disabilities who are victims of family violence or sexual assault. The fourth is to make suggestions for the strategies for preventing violence against people with disabilities on the base of qualitative data collected from focusing groups with a variety of professionals.