技術型高級中等學校學生個人特質、美感經驗與美感鑑賞能力之關聯性研究

Abstract

隨著產業結構變遷、社會氛圍改變及各界的需求，技術及職業教育除了強調實作力及就業力外，也將美感列為十二年國民基本教育課程綱要的核心素養之一，因此本研究旨在探討技術型高中學生個人特質（經驗開放性人格、成長型思維）、美感經驗（美感鑑賞經驗、美感教育經驗）與美感鑑賞能力的程度及關聯性。本研究採調查研究法，透過問卷進行施測，以雙北地區技術型高中二年級學生為母群體，運用便利群集抽樣選取樣本，共發放658份，獲得有效樣本642份，再運用描述性統計及結構方程模型進行統計分析。研究發現：一、技術型高中學生的經驗開放性人格及成長型思維特質在中等程度以上、對實習課程中的美感教育經驗及美感鑑賞能力也在中等程度以上，但較缺乏日常生活中的美感鑑賞經驗；二、技術型高中學生之經驗開放性人格特質有助於提升美感鑑賞經驗及美感教育經驗，而成長型思維則也有助於增進美感教育經驗；三、技術型高中學生之經驗開放性人格、美感鑑賞經驗及美感教育經驗能有效預測美感鑑賞能力；四、本研究提出之美感鑑賞能力關聯模式能合理解釋影響技術型高中學生美感鑑賞能力之因素關係；五、不同專業類群學生美感鑑賞能力關聯模式各變項間之關係略有差異，惟對所有學生而言，經驗開放性人格及美感教育經驗對美感鑑賞能力均有顯著的影響。根據本結果提出具體建議如下：一、技術型高中學生宜於課餘時間多留意生活中之事物，以累積美感鑑賞經驗；二、學校宜重視校園環境美感，使學生從每日接觸的環境中累積美感經驗；三、教師於實習課程教學中宜強調美的元素對成品的影響，提升學生美感鑑賞能力；四、教師宜以「美」為主題，提供不同專業學生實習成果之交流機會，透過相互觀摩與學習，建立自身之美感品味與鑑賞能力。

With the change of industrial structure, vocational senior high school’s most important for the cultivation of aesthetic. This study explores the relationship among personality trait of openness to experience and aesthetic experience with the aesthetic appreciation ability of vocational senior high school students of the degree and relevance. The results were organized as follows: (1) The experience of vocational high school students is above the general level, the aesthetic education experience and the aesthetic appreciation ability in the internship course are above the general level; but there is a lack of aesthetic appreciation experience in everyday life (2) The experience of vocational high school students is open personality trait, which helps to enhance the aesthetic experience, but the growth mindset is only helpful in the cultivation of aesthetic education experiences (3) The experience of vocational high school students is open personality, aesthetic appreciation experience and aesthetic education experience can effectively predict aesthetic appreciation ability (4) The correlation model of aesthetic appreciation ability can reasonably explain the relationship of factors affecting the aesthetic appreciation ability of vocational high school students (5) The influence of the association pattern of students in different professional categories of higher education is slightly different, but for all classes of students, aesthetic education experience has a significant impact on aesthetic appreciation ability.