體驗教育活動對國小二年級學童學校生活適應之研究－以桃園市某國小為例

Abstract

研究者身為國小導師在教學現場中發現許多學童學校適應不良之情形，而親自接觸體驗教育後，對於體驗教育的精神及理念非常認同，也因體驗教育所帶來的正向思想和行為上的改變，研究者決定藉由體驗教育作為媒介，設計相關活動，改善學童學校生活適應能力，並從中瞭解學童的歷程變化。本研究旨在探討體驗教育活動對國小二年級學童學校生活適應之影響，以行動研究作為主要研究法，輔以量化及質化並行之方式進行研究，透過實際活動的帶領及反思、問卷的前後測施測結果、觀察筆記、省思札記、學生學習單及訪談內容探討其中之歷程變化。行動研究的歷程中，研究者與活動授課者及校外專家持續對話討論，調整及修正研究的進行。本研究結果如下：一、國小二年級學童參與體驗教育活動後，在學校生活適應能力（自我適應、常規適應、學習適應、同儕適應及師生關係適應）上皆有提升。二、體驗教育活動影響國小二年級學童學校生活適應之關鍵因素分為三種，包括「多元的活動內容」、「授課者及研究者的支持」及「學童的參與態度」。本研究根據研究結論，提出給未來教育夥伴與後續研究之建議，以作為改善學童學校生活適應能力，及後續擔任國小低年級導師帶班時的專業能力發展之參考。

As a primary school teacher, researcher has spotted many scenarios that students can not fit in campus life. After being exposed to experiential education, the researcher recognized the concept. Due to the positive and behavioral change brought by the experiential education, the study has decided to design experiential educational activities to improve students’ ability of school life adjustment and understand their process behind the change.This research aims to explore the impact of experiential education on how second-graders adapt to campus life. This research primarily adopts action research method with both qualitative and quantitative approach. Through the proceeding and retrospectives of actual activities, the results before and after conducting the surveys, observatory notes, retrospective diary, students’ questionnaires, and interview, this research discusses the story behind students’ change.The researcher had been discussing with course instructors and external experts to adjust and modify the research while implementing the action research. The results of this study are as followings:i.Second grade students have improved their ability to adapt campus life (self-adapt, rule-adapt, learning-adapt, peer-adapt, and student-teacher relationship-adapt) after participating the experiential educational activities.ii.Three factors of experiential education influence second graders adaption to campus life. They are “diversity of activities”, “the support from instructors and researchers”, and “students’ attitude on participation”.Based on the conclusions, this research could be served as suggestions and references to educational professionals and following studies to improve students’ ability to adjust campus life and to develop their skills when being teachers for low graders.