台灣地區健康促進學校教職員充能和學校與社區夥伴關係相關因素研究

Abstract

本研究之目的在探討台灣健康促進學校之教職員的充能特質與社區意識對建立學校與社區夥伴關係的影響。採橫斷面設計，以分層隨機取樣16所健康促進學校(8所國小和8所國中)共計867位教職員。以結構式問卷進行基本資料、學校資料、參與社區情形、充能特質、社區意識與學校社區夥伴關係之資料收集。逐步迴歸分析發現，充能特質之「外在特質」是社區意識與學校社區夥伴關係的重要預測變項，解釋力達50%以上。合併國中國小受測對象結果，影響學校與社區夥伴關係之重要變項為充能特質之外在特質、社區意識之行動向度、研習活動、社區意識之情感向度、充能特質之內在特質(R2 = .66)。國中方面(n = 457)，顯著預測變項依序為充能特質之外在特質、社區意識之情感向度、充能動特質之內在特質、社區意識之行動向度、研習活動(R2 = .65)。在國小方面(n = 410)，顯著預測變項依序為充能特質之外在特質、社區意識之行動向度、研習活動、充能動力之內在特質(R2 = .68)。本研究發現，充能特質之外在特質和行動與情感之社區意識對學校成員與社區建立夥伴關係上具有重要影響力。建議學校衛生主管機關需挑選具充能特質之教職員來扮演健康促進學校核心推動人員，增能教職員參與社區各項事務與活動以建立社區意識及學校與社區夥伴關係。

The aim of this study was to analyze the relationships between empowerment attributes and sense of community on school-community partnership. This rosssectional study used probability proportional sampling to recruit 867 participants in sixteen health promoting schools (eight primary schools and 8 junior high schools) in Taiwan. Structured questionnaires were designed to collect data on demographic characteristics, school data, participating community, empowerment attributes, sense of community and school-community partnership. The results of stepwise regression have showed that external attributes of empowerment was the important factor for predicting sense of community and school and community partnerships, accounting for up to 50% variances of these variables. Among the results of total sample, external attributes of empowerment, action sense of community, participating seminar about health promoting school, affection of sense of community and internal attributes of empowerment were significant variables for predicting school-community partnerships (R2 = .66). Among the sample subset who are junior high school members (n = 455), external attributes of empowerment, affection sense of community, internal attributes of empowerment, participating seminar about health promoting school and action sense of community were significant variables for predicting school-community partnerships (R2 = .65). Among primary school students (n = 407), external attributes of empowerment, action sense of community, participating seminar about health promoting school and internal attributes of empowerment, were significant variables for schoolcommunity partnerships (R2 = .68). According the important role of external attributes of empowerment, action and affective sense of community in predicting schoolcommunity partnership for conducting a health promoting school program, school managers should select members with empowerment attributes and empower them through participating communi