國小學童課間身體活動強度與體適能表現暨學業成績關係之研究

Abstract

本研究的目的在探討課間身體活動強度與國小學童健康體適能的關係；課間身體活動強度與學業成績的關係；體適能表現與學業成績的相關。本研究以台北市南門國民小學93學年度五年級男女學童171人為受試對象（男97人，女生74人）。平均年齡10.7歲，平均身高143.45公分，平均體重39.53公斤。研究之進行以五日課間身體活動紀錄法，分成低、中、高強度身體活動三類，並進行健康體適能測驗及期中期末學業測驗。所得資料以SPSS12.0統計套裝軟體進行資料處理，以描述統計、獨立樣本t考驗、單因子變異數、薛費法進行事後比較、皮爾遜積差相關法進行分析，獲得本研究結果如下： 一、不同性別之國小學童課間身體活動強度有顯著差異，且男生的課間身體活動強度高於女生。 二、不同性別之國小學童在體適能表現有顯著差異。女生在「柔軟度」優於男生，男生在「瞬發力」優於女生。 三、不同班級之國小學童課間身體活動強度有顯著差異。 四、不同班級之國小學童在立定跳遠有顯著差異。 五、課間身體活動強度與體適能表現有顯著差異。高課間身體活動的學童在「一分鐘屈膝仰臥起坐」和「立定跳遠」的表現優於低課間身體活動的學童。 本研究之結論是課間從事高強度身體活動之學童在「一分鐘屈膝仰臥起坐」和「立定跳遠」 有較優之表現；課間身體活動強度和學生的學業成績沒有差異；體適能與學業成績沒有顯著相關。

The objective of this study is to discuss the relationship between the intensity of physical activity during class breaks and health fitness of elementary school students, the relationship between the said physical activity intensity and academic performance, and the relationship between health fitness and academic performance. The subjects of this study were 171 fifth grade male and female students (97 male students and 74 female students) of Taipei Municipal Nanmen Elementary School enrolled for school year of 2004. Their average age was 10.7 years old, average height was 143.45cm, and average weight was 39.53kg. This study divided the subjects into low-intensity, mid-intensity, and high-intensity physical activities, recorded physical activities during class breaks for five days, and conducted fitness test and midterm and final exams. The data were processed with SPSS12.0, and analyzed with descriptive statistics, independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, Scheffe method post-hoc comparison, and Pearson product-moment correlation. The results are as follow: 1.Subjects of different genders showed significant difference in the physical activity intensity, and that of male students was higher that of female students. 2.Subjects of different genders showed significant difference in health fitness; female students showed better performance in flexibility, and male students showed better performance in instant explosive force. 3.Subjects of different classes showed significant difference in physical activity intensity. 4.Subjects of different classes showed significant difference in standing jump. 5.The intensity of physical activity during class breaks and health fitness showed no significant correlation. The conclusion showed that student engaged in high intensity physical activity would have better in“one-minute sit-up”and“standing jump”. The intensity of physical activity during class breaks and health fitness showed no significant correlation.