單次活化增能作用之不同恢復時間對選手50公尺自由式表現之影響

Abstract

目的:活化後增能作用(post-activation potentiation, PAP)已被證明可對運動表現產生 增強作用，但是應用於游泳運動的研究較為缺乏，因此本研究將針對游泳運動員，在進 行 50 公尺自由式(freestyle)測驗前進行 PAP 暖身訓練，藉由 4 週的 PAP 干預訓練來探 討活化後增能作用 PAP 對游泳運動員成績表現的影響。方法:本研究以 PTPFIT 高磅數 22.4 公斤彈力帶，透過 20 秒等長收縮進行上肢暖 身運動誘發 PAP 作用，藉以探討 PAP 作用對 50 公尺自由式成績的影響，嚴格控制相同 的間歇時間(8mins、10mins、12mins)，每週干預 2 次，持續 4 週，利用高速攝影機及 精準馬表檢測受試者 0-25 公尺、25-50 公尺的自由式時間測量值(t)、划水頻率(SR)、 划水距離(SL)，依照受試者不同的運動表現來探究 PAP 暖身訓練對 50 公尺自由式表現 之影響。結果:透過 PAP 暖身後休息 10 分鐘與休息 12 分鐘的組別在 0-25 公尺的成績達顯 著差異(P<0.05)，然而其他組別的成績皆無顯著差異。 結論:透過 20 秒等長收縮進行上肢暖身運動誘發 PAP 作用中，在 0-25 公尺分段區 間中，休息時間 10mins 比較起來是較為有效果的時間控制，成績提升較為明顯，顯然 PAP 激活是有效果的，不過在統計分析數據顯示上並沒有顯著差異，甚至在 25-50 公尺 有成績下滑的跡象，因此在休息時間控制與 PAP 活化增能的熱身運動項目進行調整，或 許能讓成績有更顯著的提升。

Objective: Post-activation potentiation (PAP) has been proven to enhance sports performance, but there is a lack of research on swimming sports, so this study will focus on swimmers, in the 50-meter free PAP warm-up training was carried out before the freestyle test, and the effect of PAP on the swimmers' performance after activation was explored through 4 weeks of PAP intervention training. Method: In this study, PTPFIT high-pound 22.4 kg elastic band was used to induce PAP effect through 20-second isometric contraction of upper limb warm-up exercise, so as to explore the effect of PAP effect on 50-meter freestyle performance, and strictly control the same interval time ( 8mins, 10mins, 12mins), intervene 2 times a week for 4 weeks, using high-speed cameras and precise stopwatches to test thetest subjects’ freestyle time measurements (t) at 0- 25 meters and 25-50 meters, Stroke frequency (SR), stroke distance (SL), according to the different sports performance of the subjects to explore the effect of PAP warm-up training on 50-meter freestyle performance.Results: There was a significant difference (P<0.05) in the results of the 0-25 meters between the group that rested for 10 minutes and the group that rested for 12 minutes after warming up with PAP (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference in the results of other groups. Conclusion: In the 20-second isometric contraction to warm up the upper limbs to induce PAP, in the segmental interval of 0-25 meters, the rest time of 10 minutes is a more effective time control, and the performance improvement is more obvious. Obviously, PAP is activated It is effective, but there is no significant difference in the statistical analysis data, and there are even signs of decline in the performance of 25-50 meters, so the adjustment of rest time control and PAP activation and energy-enhancing warm-up exercisesmay improve the performance There is a more significant improvement.