探討技藝（能）競賽汽車技術職類選手人格特質與技能表現之研究

Abstract

本研究旨在探討技術型高級中等學校汽車技術職類選手之人格特質與其技能表現間之關係。隨著技職教育發展，技藝（能）競賽不僅檢視學生專業能力，更考驗其在高壓環境下的心理應對與穩定表現能力。過去相關研究多聚焦於技術訓練與競賽成績，較少深入分析人格特質對技能表現之影響，故本研究運用九型人格理論（Enneagram）為分析架構，探究不同人格特質與技能表現之關聯。研究者曾為汽車技術職類國手，自技術型高中接受專業訓練，歷經教育部工科技藝競賽、勞動部全國技能競賽與國手選拔，最終代表臺灣參加2019年第45屆國際技能競賽，並於競賽中表現優異。此歷程深刻體現技術能力與心理素質的交互影響。對比現有研究後，研究者發現探討人格特質與技術表現之間關係的相關研究相對較少，卻極具意義，因而對此議題深感興趣，並以此作為本研究的重要動機。本研究以近五年曾參與勞動部及教育部相關競賽之學生為研究對象，採問卷調查法蒐集資料，共得有效樣本319份，並進行描述性統計、皮爾森相關與單因子變異數分析。研究結果顯示，選手人格特質以完美主義者、表演者與給予者占多數，其中「完美主義者」與「表演者」與技能表現具顯著正相關，為具競賽優勢之人格特質；「觀察者」雖比例較低，惟在部分競賽類型亦展現顯著影響；「享樂主義者」則未呈現顯著關聯。整體而言，本研究驗證人格特質與技能表現具關聯性，並指出具備自律、成就導向與分析能力之選手，在技藝（能）競賽中表現較為穩定。研究成果可作為未來技術選手選拔、訓練與輔導策略之參考依據。

This study aims to explore the relationship between the personality traits of vocational senior high school students in the automobile technology category and their skill performance in technical skill competitions. As vocational education continues to evolve, skill competitions have become a platform not only to assess students' technical proficiency but also to evaluate their psychological resilience under high-pressure environments. While previous studies have primarily focused on technical training and competition outcomes, the impact of personality traits on performance has received limited attention. Therefore, this study adopts the Enneagram personality theory as the analytical framework to investigate how different personality types influence competition performance. The researcher, a former national representative in automobile technology, received professional training from vocational high school and advanced through the Ministry of Education’s Industrial Skills Competition, the Ministry of Labor’s National Skills Competition, and the national team selection process. Ultimately, the researcher represented Taiwan in the 45th WorldSkills Competition in Kazan (2019) and achieved outstanding results. This personal experience highlighted the interplay between technical competence and psychological qualities, which also inspired the motivation for this study after comparing existing literature and identifying a lack of research in this area.This study surveyed students who participated in relevant competitions over the past five years. A total of 319 valid questionnaires were collected and analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, and one-way ANOVA. Results show that the majority of participants exhibited personality traits aligned with the Perfectionist, Achiever, and Helper types. Among them, the Perfectionist and Achiever traits demonstrated significant positive correlations with skill performance. Although the Observer type appeared less frequently, it still showed significant effects in certain competition types, while the Enthusiast type did not show notable relevance.Overall, the findings confirm that personality traits are closely related to skill performance. Traits such as discipline, goal orientation, and analytical thinking contribute to stable performance in technical skill competitions. The results offer valuable insights for the future selection, training, and coaching of vocational skill competitors.