臺灣原住民電影之認同分析與華語文化教學

Abstract

原住民族為台灣重要的族群之一，談及台灣社會與文化，台灣原住民為其不可或缺的重要文化之一，而在當代的華語教材及教學中，仍較少被提及，多為相關環境的缺乏抑或師資在該方面較不多，因此本文欲提出原住民電影在華語文化教學中的應用，供不同教學環境之參考。電影則常作為議題與文化再現的媒介，能夠快速傳達主題給觀眾。本文欲從原住民認同的建構出發，因其反映了原住民的價值觀、信仰和世界觀，原住民認同包括了個人認同、社區認同與外延認同三部分，其三者皆來自其族群的文化特點，反映不同族群的文化內容。因此本文第二章首先將分析原住民電影中常見之認同建構的途徑，再以兩部台灣原住民電影《只有大海知道》及《聽見歌 再唱》分析海洋文化及高山文化的族群之認同建構的差異。另台灣原住民經歷了不同階段與不同族群接觸後，在原住民認同的建構上逐漸疏離，加上城鄉差距的發展使得都市化現象嚴重，許多都市原住民與自己的部落及族群文化脫節，影響其原住民認同。因此本文第三章將分析台灣原住民電影中常見的認同困境，再以兩部電影《太陽的孩子》及《巴克力藍的夏天》分析都市原住民重新建構認同的不同途徑。本文第四段將提出原住民電影在華語文化教學中的應用，本文將以原住民文化為教學主軸，電影為媒介，設計原住民認同之教學內容，學習者可從電影中認同建構的過程中學習不同族群文化點，也可學習到台灣原住民與華人社會之間的關係。Indigenous peoples are one of the important ethnic groups in Taiwan. When discussing Taiwanese society and culture, Taiwanese indigenous peoples represent an indispensable cultural element. However, in contemporary Chinese teaching materials and instruction, they are rarely mentioned, often due to a lack of relevant resources or insufficiently trained teachers in this area. Therefore, this article aims to propose the application of indigenous films in Chinese cultural teaching as a reference for different educational environments. Films often serve as a medium for the representation of issues and culture, capable of quickly conveying themes to the audience.This article intends to start from the construction of indigenous identity, as it reflects the values, beliefs, and worldviews of indigenous peoples. Indigenous identity includes individual identity, community identity, and external identity, all of which stem from the cultural characteristics of their ethnic group and reflect the cultural content of different ethnic groups. Thus, the second chapter of this article will first analyze the common ways of constructing identity in indigenous films, and then analyze the differences in identity construction of marine culture and mountain culture through two Taiwanese indigenous films, “ Long Time No Sea(只有大海知道)” and “Listen Before You Sing(聽見歌再唱)”.Additionally, after experiencing different stages and interactions with various ethnic groups, Taiwanese indigenous peoples have gradually become alienated in the construction of their identity. Coupled with the development of urban-rural disparities leading to severe urbanization, many urban indigenous people have become disconnected from their tribes and cultural heritage, affecting their indigenous identity. Therefore, the third chapter of this article will analyze the common identity dilemmas in Taiwanese indigenous films, and then analyze different ways of reconstructing identity for urban indigenous people through the films “Wawa No Cidal(太陽的孩子)” and “ Pakeriran(巴克力藍的夏天)”.The fourth chapter of this article will propose the application of indigenous films in Chinese cultural teaching. The article will design teaching content on indigenous identity, using indigenous culture as the main teaching axis and films as the medium. Learners can learn about the cultural aspects of different ethnic groups from the process of identity construction in the films, as well as the relationship between Taiwanese indigenous peoples and Han Chinese society.