景美溪下游河川環境保育歷程及其發展策略規劃

Abstract

本文以景美溪下游的河川保育歷程為研究主題，探究此區進行的河川環境保育活動、參與團體及其運作方式，透過參與觀察與深度訪談法，進行景美溪河川環境保育活動的SWOT分析，了解此區發展河川環境保育的內部優劣勢以及外在的機會與威脅，並以TOWS矩陣分析研擬未來發展之策略。利用層級分析法（AHP），探究民間人士與學校教師兩群組對於SWOT分析項目的權重異同，依其權重值的高低排列，可作為未來推動河川保育活動時優先掌握或改善項目之參考。 研究發現，以景美溪為主題曾進行的環境行動，計有教育行動、生態管理及親身力行等三類。分析2000年至2005年共55項河川環境保育活動，顯示教育行動類的比重最高（39項，74％）；若依據舉辦時間進行統計，顯示2003年（19項，35％）舉辦的次數最多。問卷結果顯示，機會層面與優勢層面較受專家學者的重視，歸納全體專家學者意見，則以「環境教育風氣的配合」、「公部門積極護溪的政策推動」及「參與的社區發展組織與民間團體眾多」三項為首要偏重。 依據TOWS矩陣分析與問卷結果，提出景美溪發展河川環境保育活動之策略研擬，建議率先培養具專業知能的巡守志工，持續進行河川流域管理與生態資料的調查，積極規劃生態導覽課程，推廣永續發展的思維，並可借鏡其他河川志工團體的發展經驗，發展景美溪的本位特色。With focus on the environmental conservation process of the downstream Ching-mei River, this article will explore the action, involved groups and process of the river environmental conservation in this area. Through the participant observation and in-depth interviews, SWOT analysis of Ching-mei River’s environmental conservation will be proceeded, discovering internal strengths and weaknesses, and external opportunities and threats for the development of river environmental conservation. TOWS matrix analysis will be utilized for the future development as well. AHP is used to explore the proportion of local community and school teachers in the SWOT analysis, which can be regarded as reference to the priority of the future environmental conservation or improvement. The research finds that the processed environmental actions, Ching-mei River as the theme, include educational action, eco-managementand physical action. The analysis of 55 river environmental actions from 2000 to 2005 indicates that the educational action is the highest proportion. (39 actions, 74%) According to the action time, most actions are conducted in 2003. (19 actions, 35%) The questionnaire finds that the two aspects of opportunity and strength are stressed more by experts and scholars. In brief, “the cooperation of environmental education”,“the active attitude to make the policy of river conservation by public departments”, and “many involved organizations of community development and local groups” are three main priorities. In accordance with TOWS matrix analysis and questionnaire, the further policy of developing environmental conservation for Ching-mei River suggests cultivating the patrol volunteers with professional knowledge as the first step, proceeding the investigation of valley management and eco-information continuously, making eco-related guiding courses actively and popularizing the concept of sustainable development. The development experience of other river volunteer groups can be referred in order to expand Ching-mei River’s significant feature.