PISA創造思考科學問題解決方案在國中創造力資優班學生之成效研究

Abstract

本研究主要在討論「PISA創造思考科學問題解決方案課程」是否有助於提升國中創造力資優班學生創造思考科學問題解決能力。研究對象為桃園市某設有創造力資優班的八年級學生，共計29人，這次實驗採用「準實驗設計法」，將創造力資優班八年級學生分成兩個班級。實驗組，共14位學生，接受「PISA創造思考科學問題解決教學方案」; 對照組，共15位學生，接受「一般教學方案」，兩班皆由研究者授課，課程實施各四週8堂課。本研究主要使用工具中，「測量工具」包含「PISA創造思考科學問題解決評量測驗」與「學生學習滿意度問卷」以及「教學方案—PISA創造思考科學問題解決活動教案」。研究結果發現， 一、「PISA創造思考科學問題解決方案」課程對國中八年級創造力資優班學生，在創造力之科學問題解決能力有顯著進步。 二、「PISA創造思考科學問題解決方案」課程對國中八年級創造力資優班學生，在流暢力、變通力、獨創力、精進力等創造力認知能力有不同程度的影響，其中以「獨創力」最具顯著效果。 三、學生參與「PISA創造思考科學問題解決方案」課程之後，在創造力思考的傾向與興趣有所提升，並願意在日常生活中使用。 依據綜合研究結果，可發現「PISA創造思考科學問題解決方案課程」對於學生在創造思考科學問題解決學習上有所成效，供未來教師與研究者在創造性教學方面的參考依據。This study primarily explores whether the"PISA Creative Thinking Science Problem-Solving Program" effectively enhances the creative thinking and problem-solving abilities of gifted junior high school students. The participants consisted of 29 eighth-grade students from a creativity-oriented gifted class in Taoyuan City. The experiment employed a quasi-experimental design, dividing the students into two classes. The experimental group, comprising 14 students, participated in the "PISA Creative Thinking Science Problem-Solving Program,"while the control group, consisting of 15 students, received general instruction. Both groups were taught by the researcher over a four-week period, with a total of eight sessions per class.The primary tools used in this study include:1. Assessment Tools:"PISA Creative Thinking Science Problem-Solving Test" and "Student Learning Satisfaction Questionnaire." 2. Instructional Material: "PISA Creative Thinking Science Problem-Solving Activity Teaching Plan." The findings of this study are as follows: 1. The "PISA Creative Thinking Science Problem-Solving Program" significantly improved the science problem-solving abilities of eighth-grade gifted students in the creative thinking class. 2. The program had varying degrees of influence on students' cognitive abilities in creativity—fluency, flexibility, originality, and elaboration. Among these,"originality" showed the most significant effect. 3. Students' tendencies and interests in creative thinking increased after participating in the program, and they demonstrated a willingness to apply these skills in daily life. Based on the comprehensive results, the "PISA Creative Thinking Science Problem-Solving Program" proves to be effective in enhancing students' learning in creative scientific problem-solving. The findings can serve as a reference for future educators and researchers in the field of creative teaching.