新竹市某國中學生飲食行為、控握信念及其相關因素之探討
Abstract
本研究旨在瞭解國中學生之飲食行為。探討其個人背景因素變項、健康控握信念與飲食行為的關係及飲食行為的預測因子。本研究以新竹市某國中一百零四學年度第二學期之全體學生為研究母群體，採用分層集束隨機抽樣方法，有效問卷共 335份。本研究以「飲食行為量表」、「健康控握信念量表」為研究工具，所得資料以描述性統計、t 檢定、單因子變異數分析、皮爾森積差相關、多元迴歸等統計方法進行分析。本研究結果如下：
一、研究對象的飲食行為良好，飲食行為表現較好的三項分別是：每天吃早餐、運動後喝白開水止渴、三餐定時定量。表現較差的三項飲食行為分別：我每天喝牛奶、每天吃零食、用餐時，會添加調味料。
二、整體飲食行為會因「自覺健康狀況」「學業成績」「社經地位」的不同而有顯著差異，即自覺健康狀況好、學業成績班前1/3、家庭社經地位高者會有較好的整體飲食行為。
三、研究對象越傾向內控型健康控握信念者，其整體飲食行為越好；越傾向機運外控型健康控握信念者，其整體飲食行為越差。
四、自覺健康狀況好及普通、內控型健康控握信念、機運外控型健康控
握信念者可預測出其飲食行為表現，可解釋飲食行為變異量13.8％。
This study aimed to probe into the dietary behavior of students in a junior high school in Hsinchu City. The study investigated the correlations between students' dietary behavior and social demographic factors, health locus of control, and other predictive factors. Participants were students of 7th, 8th, and 9th grade enrolled in this junior high school in the second semester of 2015. Stratified cluster random sampling method were used while questionnaires for dietary behavior and health locus of control were employed. A total of 335 effective questionnaires were collected. Data analyzing tools included frequency description, t-test, One-way ANOVA, Pearson product-moment correlation and multiple-linear Regression. The results indicated that: 1.The overall dietary behaviors of the subjects are fairly good. Taking breakfast every day, intake sufficient water after exercise, do not skip or delay any of the three meals, are three dietary behavior students performed better. Drink milk every day, take snacks between meals, and adding condiments are three dietary behavior that students performed worse. 2.Students' dietary behavior will be influenced by their perceived health status, academic achievement, and socioeconomic status. Students with better perceived health status, top one-third in the class, and high family socioeconomic status, performed better dietary behavior. 3.Subjects having better internal health locus of control prone to have betterdietary behavior. Subjects with higher chance external locus of control prone to have worse dietary behavior. 4.The major predictors of dietary behavior are “perceived health status” , “internal health locus of control” and “significant others of chance external locus of control”. The total explanatory power of variance are 13.8%.
This study aimed to probe into the dietary behavior of students in a junior high school in Hsinchu City. The study investigated the correlations between students' dietary behavior and social demographic factors, health locus of control, and other predictive factors. Participants were students of 7th, 8th, and 9th grade enrolled in this junior high school in the second semester of 2015. Stratified cluster random sampling method were used while questionnaires for dietary behavior and health locus of control were employed. A total of 335 effective questionnaires were collected. Data analyzing tools included frequency description, t-test, One-way ANOVA, Pearson product-moment correlation and multiple-linear Regression. The results indicated that: 1.The overall dietary behaviors of the subjects are fairly good. Taking breakfast every day, intake sufficient water after exercise, do not skip or delay any of the three meals, are three dietary behavior students performed better. Drink milk every day, take snacks between meals, and adding condiments are three dietary behavior that students performed worse. 2.Students' dietary behavior will be influenced by their perceived health status, academic achievement, and socioeconomic status. Students with better perceived health status, top one-third in the class, and high family socioeconomic status, performed better dietary behavior. 3.Subjects having better internal health locus of control prone to have betterdietary behavior. Subjects with higher chance external locus of control prone to have worse dietary behavior. 4.The major predictors of dietary behavior are “perceived health status” , “internal health locus of control” and “significant others of chance external locus of control”. The total explanatory power of variance are 13.8%.
Description
Keywords
國中學生, 健康控握信念, 飲食行為, 社經地位, 自覺健康狀況, junior high students, health locus of control, dietary behavior, socioeconomic status, perceived health status