漢字線上自我學習補充教材編寫與研究—以《美洲華語》為例

Abstract

本研究為探究以字本位教學方法設計的線上漢字自我練習補充教材對於學習《美洲華語》教材的在美華裔學生學習成效之影響。目的為減輕學生學習難度並幫助學生記憶漢字，擴大漢字的認讀範圍，再者，可做為在美教師的課堂輔助教材，減輕備課壓力，改善教學方法。字本位教學方法的特色是突顯漢字的系統性，以集中識字的模式，利用漢字部件帶出相關字族，進而由字帶動詞彙學習，以組字方式提高學生的識字量，加強學生對漢字形音義的理解，增進學習效率。研究對象為美國僑校七年級的12名華裔學生，經十週教學實驗結果顯示，此套補充教材對低分組學生的助益最大。他們在已有一定識字量的基礎下，只要學會如何掌握漢字的規律，就能舉一反三，透過自我練習的方式快速地提昇學習成效。問卷結果亦顯示學習者在學習興趣、自我效能與學習價值三者呈正相關，學習者皆認同此教材對其有所助益。本研究亦建議未來配合《美洲華語》教材可以將學習對象改為五、六年級學生，提早開始使用字本位的學習方法，對於提昇學生的識字量成效會更顯著。

The purpose of this research is to explore the effect of online Chinese character self-practice supplementary materials that designed with character-based teaching methods on the learning effectiveness of Chinese American students in the learning of"MeiZhou Chinese" textbooks. The first goal is to reduce the learning difficulty of students and help students to memorize Chinese characters, expand the recognition range of Chinese characters. Furthermore, it can be used as a classroom supplementary teaching material for teachers in the United States to reduce the pressure of lesson preparation and improve teaching methods. The character-based teaching method is to highlight the systematic nature of Chinese characters can facilitate learners to link and learn related characters together. This mothed is bring out related character families with same Chinese character components, and then guide vocabulary learning by characters. It also can strengthen students' literacy by combine components and enhances students' understanding toward to forms, the pronunciations, and the meaning of Chinese characters. The subjects of the study are 12 students in the seventh grade of the American Overseas Chinese School. The results of a ten-week teaching experiment show that this set of supplementary material is of the greatest benefit to the lower score group students. Those students have had a certain amount of Character characters, as long as they learn how to master the regularity of Chinese characters, they can draw inferences from one another and quickly improve their learning effectiveness through self-practice. The results of the questionnaire also showed that the students' learning interest, self-efficacy, and learning value are positively correlated, and all of students agree that this material is helpful to them. This study also suggests that in the future, in conjunction with the "MeiZhou Chinese" textbook, the learning object can be changed to fifth and sixth grade students, so that the character-based learning method can be used early, and the effect of improving the amount of students' literacy will be more significant.