大學生健康體適能表現及其學業成績之相關研究─以臺北某大學為例

Abstract

本研究目的在了解臺北某大學大學部學生健康體適能表現之現況，並分析其健康體適能表現與學業成績之關聯性。本研究運用臺北某大學校務資料庫進行次級資料分析，研究對象為104-2學期有參與體適能檢測，並完成當學年學業之1,740位大學部學生。本研究依據身體組成、柔軟度、肌耐力、心肺耐力、瞬發力之百分等級常模進行健康體適能表現分組，身體組成區分為「過輕與正常體重」和「過重與肥胖」兩組，其他健康體適能表現區分為「金銀銅牌」和「待加強與中等」兩組；而學業成績表現是根據研究對象的平均班級排名，分為「成績較佳（排名比＜50%）」和「成績較差（排名比≧50%）」二組。資料分析以描述性統計及二元羅吉斯迴歸分析等統計方法進行處理，研究結果如下： 一、相較全國體適能常模來看，臺北某大學學生身體組成為「過輕與正常範圍」者占88.74%，為「過重與肥胖」者占11.26%；柔軟度表現為「待加強與中等」者占48.74%，為「金銀銅牌」占51.26%；肌耐力在「待加強與中等」為17.99%，為「金銀銅牌」為82.01%；心肺耐力在「待加強與中等」為29.54%，為「金銀銅牌」為70.46%；瞬發力在「待加強與中等」為70.06%，為「金銀銅牌」為29.94%。 二、從二元羅吉斯迴歸分析發現，「身體組成」、「柔軟度」、「肌耐力」與「心肺耐力」等四個變項與學業成績表現達到統計上的顯著水準。其中，身體組成、柔軟度、肌耐力之表現與學生學業成績呈現正相關；心肺耐力表現則與學生學業成績呈現負相關。而瞬發力變項與學生學業成績表現無顯著相關。 本研究結果得知，「身體組成」、「柔軟度」與「肌耐力」對學生學業成績呈現正向相關，建議相關教育單位研議健康與教學政策時，可強化此三項體適能之促進，進而提升學生學業表現。The purpose of this study was to understand the performance of health-related physical fitness among the students from university in Taipei, and to examine the associations between health-related physical fitness and academic performance. Based on the secondary data of university database, 1,740 students who participated health-related physical fitness test and completed courses in 104-2 school year were included for analyses. According to national norm of health-related physical fitness, we classified the participants into two groups in each physical fitness component. For academic performance, we also divided the participants into "better academic performance" (top 50%), " poorer academic performance " (less than 50%) according to the average academic ranking in the class. Descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression analysis were performed. The results are as follows: 1.Compared with national physical fitness norm, 11.26% of the students were “overweight or obese”; for the flexibility, 48.74% of them were “fair or need to be improved" ; for muscular fitness, 17.99% of them were "fair or need to be improved "; for cardiorespiratory fitness, 29.54 % of them were "fair or need to be improved"; finally, for lower body explosive strength, 70.06% for "fair or need to be improved". 2.Binary logistic regression analysis showed BMI, flexibility, and muscular fitness were positively associated with students' academic performance; however, the performance of cardiorespiratory fitness was negatively correlated with students' academic performance. The agility change was not significantly related to the student's academic performance. Our results showed that three components of health-related physical fitness, namely BMI, flexibility, and muscular fitness, were positively related to academic performance in university students. These results can inform the school and educational policy that it is important to promote these fitness components for enhancing the academic performance in university students.