牆的空間觀念：林郁樹藝術創作論述

Abstract

無論古代或現代、國內或國外，「牆」總是出現在我們週遭。它是道「屏障」，用來保衛我們的安全；也是一道「阻隔」，分開兩方阻斷交流和溝通。牆是二個空間的「屏蔽」及「穿透」的媒介物。自50萬年前原始人的遺跡就有發現牆的存在，當時便以「牆」來保護生命和財產。夏、商、周、秦漢、唐宋元明清到現代，許多的「牆」建起又毀壞，如：仰韶文化期(4000B.C.)、周壁畫、阿房宮、萬里長城……等。古老西方如希臘、巴比倫、羅馬、埃及到近代歐美國家等亦有許多知名的牆，如哭牆、西斯汀教堂壁畫、柏林圍牆、墨西哥牆等。論文第一章節、筆者試從「牆的歷史」出發。第二章節、搜集古今中外「牆」之論述。過程中接觸到「原始藝術」、「敦煌石窟」、「靈岩寺壁畫」跟「牆」有關的藝術。「工筆界畫」著名畫家郭忠恕，〈臨王維網川圖卷〉張擇端〈清明上河圖〉上的宮殿、現代鋼筋水泥及鄉土村舍也都有牆的存在。第三章論述、每道牆肌理質感不同，其繪畫的皴法也不同，如蔡友用蠟燭擦拭牆面後再墨染、李振明乾筆細皴皆在表現物表的質地、吳恭瑞水染墨漬筆韻帶出光影的效果。這三位當代水墨畫家也對生長地臺灣，有著濃厚關懷「鄉土寫實」也是筆者創作藝術研究之一。其他如臺灣板橋林本源園邸的「花牆」是中國特殊蘇州園林美學。當代有關「牆」主題展筆者列舉：2000年國立歷史博物館、2005由高名潞策展《牆.中國當代藝術的歷史與邊界》2020世界建築攝影比賽。這三個展來研究當代著名藝術家對「當代藝術的牆」之時代新貌闡述。當代藝術家如何展現牆的美：吳冠中、蔡友、李振明、吳恭瑞、李君毅、卓有瑞、高義瑝、蔡國強……其衍生的藝術、如牆的「建築藝術」、「地景藝術」、「裝置藝術」、牆的「攝影藝術」、牆的「行動藝術」及「概念藝術」……等等。第四及第五章論文研究牆的繪畫技法和筆者創作、這些藝術結合了牆空間觀念，其發展出的作品，種類繁多、形狀各異、功能也不同、想法更是創新。但是表達藝術進步的渴望是想同的。異類結合可觸類旁通、多師多益的藝術理念，筆者常以此心態在研究繪畫，這些作品展現牆的故事和藝術家想要的真、善、美，所以其內容包涵眾多，不僅只為表達「美」而已，有對現實生活「真」的反應、以及心中之神佛「善」表現。筆者藉由以上研究對創作方法、構圖、風格、理念皆得益良多，再加上為使論述合情合理，作品有憑有据，筆者所繪多是「寫生」或「旅遊經歷」後繪製。對過往歷史事件、學者論述皆是遍查書籍後才創作。筆者以探研藝術家作品增己身「力度」、遊歷四方以增「廣度」、鑽研學理增己「深度」實是全力而為，期待有所好評。創作研究為將繪畫心得於文字上記錄，另義也期望能益於提昇藝術修為。Whether ancient or modern, domestic or foreign,"walls" always appear around us. It is a "barrier" to keep us safe. It is also a barrier, separating the between sides to block communication. A wall is a "shield" and a "penetrating" medium in two spaces. Walls have been found since the remains of primitive people 500,000 years ago, when they were used to protect life and property. Xia, Shang, Zhou, Qin Han, Tang Song Yuan Ming and Qing dynasties to the modern era, many walls built and destroyed, such as: Yangon cultural period - Dahe Village ruins, Zhou murals, Afang Palace, the Great Wall. Ancient Western countries such as Babylon, Egypt, Greece, Rome to modern Europe and the United States also built many well-known walls, such as the Wall of Crying, the Sistine Chapel murals, the Berlin Wall, the Mexican Wall and so on... The author intends to delve into the discussion of the wall from the historical studies of the spatial concept of walls."Primitive art", "Dunhuang Cave Buddha Wall", "Lingyan Temple Mural" and Chinese fine brush "Border Painting" are all related to the wall. For example: Guo Zheng-Xuan, "Copying Wang Wei Methuen Volume" Chang Zi-Doun "Qingming River Map" on the palace floor building bridges and modern reinforced cement and country houses also have walls. And each wall texture is different, the Cun of its painting is also different, such as Cai You with candles to wipe the wall and then ink dyeing, Lee Zhen-Ming dry pen fineCun are in the texture of the subjects, Wu Quan-Rui water-dyed ink-stained pen rhymies with the effect of light and shadow. These three contemporary ink painters also have a strong concern for Taiwan, where they grew up,"Local realism" is also one of the author's creative art research.Other such as Taiwan's Panqiao Lin Benyuan Garden Residence’s. "Flower Wall" is a special Suzhou garden aesthetics in China, but also useful for painting study. In the contemporary "Wall" theme exhibition author lists: 2000 National History Museum, 2005 by the Gau Minglu curatorial Wall. The History and Boundaries of Chinese Contemporary Art 2020 World Architecture Photography Competition. These three exhibitions study the new look of the "Wall of Contemporary Art" era by famous contemporary artists. How contemporary artists present the beauty of the wall: Wu Guan-Zhong, Cai You, Lee Zhen-Ming, Zhuo Yu-Rui, Gao Yi -Huang, Wu Quan-Rui, Lee Chun-Yi, Cai Guoq-chang... Its derived art, such as wall architecture art, landscape art, installation art, wall photography art, wall action art and conceptual art... Wait a minute. These art combines the concept of wall space, its development of works, a wide variety of shapes, different functions, ideas are innovative. But the desire to artistic progress is the same. Heterogeneous combination of touchable bypass, multi-teacher multi-benefit art concept, the author often with this mentality in the study of painting, these works show the wall story and the artist wants the truth, good, beautiful, so its content contains many, not only to express"beauty" only, there is a real life "true" response, as well as the heart of the Buddha "good" performance. The author by the above research on the creative methods, composition, style have benefited a lot, coupled with in order to make the discussion reasonable, the works have evidence, the author painted more than sketch or tourism experience after drawing. The past historical events and scholars' discourses are all written after examining the books. Really is full and full, look forward to some praise.The author to explore the artist's works to increase their own "strength", travel to the Quartet to increase the "breadth", study the science to increase their depth "degree of reality" is full and forth, look forward to some praise. In order to make a record of what one's painting is about in writing, another meaning is that it is also hoped that it will be beneficial to the promotion of artistic practice.