臺灣地理空間資訊發展過程中的隱私權問題與平衡

Abstract

本研究主張，地理空間資料為個人資料隱私權中的一部分，應該受適當保護，惟臺灣社會中少有具地理空間資訊隱私面向的思考，民眾亦普遍較無隱私意識，但其實地理空間資訊的應用在日常生活中十分廣泛，其隱私問題也在在影響了我們日常行為，因此若未主動關心自身相關權益的話，將可能導致地理空間資訊隱私遭到侵犯，或被作為不當利用。而在如此的風險之前，應有一套合適的地理空間資訊隱私保護機制，其應充分考量地理空間資訊、數位足跡、資料分級保護等議題。此外，為了推進各種地理資訊應用，並確保其在發展的過程中不會因隱私問題而過度限制資料的取得，本研究認為必須透過法規要求和資料管理等實務作法，來平衡個人資料隱私權與地理空間資訊發展的需求。此外，本研究建議我國應盡速設置獨立且專責之資料保護機構，並建立問責機制，再搭配區塊鏈分散式身分認證系統等先進技術達到更高的安全性和隱私保護，並同時保有對個人資料的隱私自主控制權。This study asserts that geospatial data constitutes a part of individual privacy rights and should be accorded proper protection. However, in Taiwanese society, there is scant consideration given to the privacy aspects of geospatial information, and the public generally lacks awareness of privacy. In reality, the application of geospatial information is extensively prevalent in daily life, and its privacy issues continually affect our everyday actions. Therefore, if one does not proactively concern oneself with relevant rights and interests, it may lead to the infringement of geospatial information privacy or its improper exploitation.Prior to such risks, there should be an appropriate mechanism for the protection of geospatial information privacy, which should comprehensively take into account aspects such as geospatial information, digital footprints, and graded protection of data. Moreover, in order to promote various geospatial information applications and to ensure that privacy issues do not unduly restrict data access during development, this research believes that it is necessary to balance individual data privacy rights and the needs of geospatial information development through legal requirements and data management practices.Furthermore, this study recommends that our country should promptly establish an independent and dedicated data protection agency, set up accountability mechanisms, and combine decentralized blockchain identity authentication systems and other advanced technologies to achieve higher levels of security and privacy protection. This should also maintain individual control over personal data privacy.