泰雅族國中生飲酒防制衛生教育介入成效研究

Abstract

酒精濫用是臺灣原住民的健康威脅，而且情況愈來愈嚴重。泰雅族屬於臺灣16個原住民族中的一族，其國中青少年的飲酒盛行率高達53.1%。雖然泰雅族的耆老們並不認同，但是族中大多數年輕一代的族人普遍認為飲酒是他們的文化傳統之一。本研究旨在探討飲酒防制衛生教育介入後，對泰雅族國中生之飲酒知識、拒酒自我效能、飲酒行為意圖之效果。本研究採準實驗研究設計，立意取樣新北市烏來區某國中泰雅族學生52人為實驗組，與桃園市復興區某國中泰雅族學生97人為對照組，兩組樣本共149人。在飲酒防制衛生教育介入前，兩組皆接受前測作為介入效果的比較基礎，實驗組接受四週有關飲酒防制的教學；對照組不接受任何實驗處理。飲酒防制衛生教育介入後進行後測，以了解介入後所產生的效果。本研究以結構式問卷（包含社會人口學變項、飲酒知識量表、拒酒自我效能量表、飲酒行為意圖量表）作為前、後測工具。回收的資料以卡方檢定、t檢定及單因子共變數分析檢驗飲酒防制衛生教育介入對「飲酒知識」、「拒酒自我效能」及「飲酒行為意圖」的影響。本研究發現飲酒防制衛生教育介入對實驗組研究參與者「飲酒知識」、「拒酒自我效能」及「飲酒行為意圖」方面的影響都達到統計上的顯著程度，顯示本介入在上述效標變項上有良好成效。

Evidence suggests alcohol abuse is a growing threat to the health of indigenesin Taiwan. The prevalence of alcohol use among junior high school studentsof Atayal tribe, one of the sixteen indigenous tribes, was 53.1%. Despite thedisapproval of the elders, most tribal people of younger generations assumedheavy drinking is one of their cultural traditions. This study aimed to explorethe effect of a drinking abuse preventive intervention on changing the cognitionof drinking, self-efficacy of anti-drinking, and the drinking intention of Atayaljunior high school students. A quasi-experimental design was conducted, theexperimental group (N = 52) was recruited from a Atayal junior high school locatedin New Taipei City and obtained a four-week program regarding the prevention ofdrinking abuse, while the comparison group (N = 97) was recruited from anotherAtayal junior high school located in Taoyuan City and obtained no intervention.Both groups took pre-tests and post-tests in order to evaluate the effect of the intervention. A structured questionnaire (incorporating demographic variables, thecognition of drinking scale, the self-efficacy of anti-drinking scale and the drinkingintention scale) were used for data collection. The data was analyzed by usingChi-square test, t-test and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). The alcohol abusepreventive intervention effectively enabled Atayal junior high schools studentsstrengthen their cognition of drinking, self-efficacy of refusing drinking, and lessendrinking intention to reduce their risk of alcohol abuse.