家庭分化與家庭暴力經驗對愛情依戀的預測

Abstract

本研究目的在探討愛情關係中的依戀反應與過去家庭情緒經驗的關聯；採多元階層逐步迴歸分析，探討家庭分化與家庭暴力經驗對愛情關係中焦慮與逃避依戀向度的活化反應之預測，並將父子、母子、知覺父母關係等不同次系統經驗分開預測，同時也比較此迴歸分析的性別差異。有效研究樣本共計480人，其中男性168人、女性312人，皆為正在某段戀情關係中的大學生。研究結果發現：1.整體而言，愛情中焦慮依戀反應最能被親子暴力預測，但僅具有低度預測力，並具有性別差異。2.整體而言，愛情中逃避依戀反應最能被知覺父母間情感共振與親子分化經驗所預測。3.對男性而言，知覺父母間情感共振最能預測其愛情中的逃避依戀反應，並具有中低度的預測力。整體而言，親子間暴力經驗愈少，個體在愛情關係中的焦慮依戀反應可能愈少，而知覺父母間情感連結愈多，個體的逃避依戀反應可能也愈少。最後進行討論與探討研究限制。

This research study explores the association between attachment in a romantic relationship and past familial emotional experiences. Familial emotional experiences included family differentiation and family violence; and family differentiation included the experience of affective involvement and intrusiveness. Stepwise multiple regression analysis was adopted. In addition, the different relationships between father and son, mother and son, and perceived parents were explored separately, and gender differences were also compared through regression analysis. The research sample included 480 participants (168 males and 312 females) who were in a relationship at that time. The research results yielded three conclusions: (1) overall, offspring-parent violence best predicted anxiety attachment in a romantic relationship, however the predictive power was low and varied by gender; (2) in general, perceived parents affective involvement best predicted avoidance attachment in a relationship; (3) for men, affective involvement on the part of perceived parents best predicted avoidance attachment in a relationship with low to medium levels of predictive power. Generally speaking, the fewer violent experiences in an offspring-parent relationship, the less anxiety attachment an individual would likely experience in a romantic relationship. Also, the more emotional connections between perceived parents, the less avoidance attachment an individual would likely have. In closing, the paper included additional discussions and addressed research limitations.