唐代少府監官員之遷轉

Abstract

少府官制從秦代就開始設置，歷經西漢、東漢、魏晉等時代的發展，職掌和內容在各時代都不盡相同，一直到隋煬帝大業五年（609），從太府寺中分出少府監，並且訂定少府監內部的定員、品秩和職掌，少府監的架構才正式被確立下來。唐代承襲隋制，少府監在唐代扮演宮廷手工業產品製作工場的角色，舉凡皇帝所用器具、玩賞之物，后妃服飾及郊祀、廟祀所用圭璧、百官儀物等，都由該單位來製造並供應。少府監在唐代與將作監、國子監、軍器監、都水監並列，同屬「五監」，具有無可取代的地位。本文主要以《舊唐書》、《新唐書》、《全唐文》為中心，並配合唐代墓誌銘，進而分析少府監的各級官員的遷轉狀況及遷轉過程可能隱藏的內部因素。藉由越來越多出土的文獻材料，並透過相關的史料分析和解讀，將少府監各級官員的遷轉模式作有效統整，更可看出唐代官制具有的特色和制度內部的準則。

The institution of Shaofu (少府) was first established in the Qin Dynastyandits functions varied throughout the succeeding Western Han (西漢), Eastern Han (東漢), Jin (晉), and Southern and Northern Dynasties(南北朝). It was notuntil 609 AD, under the Emperor Yang in the Sui Dynastythat Shaofujian (少府監) gotseparated from Taifusi (太府寺), or the Court of the Imperial Treasury. The structure of Shaofujian, or the Directorate for Imperial Manufactories, was thus firmly established, as the number, rank, and duties of its personnel had been defined and stipulated. Following its precedent in the Sui Dynasty, Shaofujianin the Tang Dynasty served as a royal workshop for imperial crafts. The institution manufactured and supplied household utensils and curios to be used by the Emperor, dressesand personal adornments worn by the Queen and the Emperor’s concubines, jade tablets and disks used in national and royal ceremonies, and accessories used by all ranks of officials. Shoufujianin the Tang Dynastywas an irreplaceable institution, along with other four Directorates: Jiangzuojian (將作監), Guozijian (國子監), Junqijian (軍器 監), and Dushuijian ( 都水監). They managed palace buildings, education, armaments and waterways, respectively. Based on texts in the Old Book of Tang, New Book of Tang, and All Tang Texts, plus tomb inscriptions erected in the Tang Dynasty, this thesis analyzes the promotion and transfer of Shoufujian officials of all ranks and looks into internal factors that might have affected the promotion and transfer process. As more and more literatures and materials have been unearthed, the author researches the types of promotion and transfer of Shoufujian officials by analyzing and interpreting historical sources and therefore identifiescertain characteristics and internal rules of the government official system in the Tang Dynasty.