臺北市國小高年級學生游泳能力與學習態度相關研究

Abstract

本研究旨在探討臺北市國小高年級學生游泳能力與學習態度及其相關情形，並比較不同背景變項學生游泳能力、游泳學習態度差異情形，以做為政府部門與學校未來推動游泳運動相關政策之參考。本研究以臺北市國小高年級學生為參與者，採用問卷調查方式，問卷為自編之「臺北市國小高年級學生游泳能力與學習態度現況調查問卷」內容包括基本資料、游泳能力及游泳學習態度量表等三個部分。以分層隨機抽樣的方式，依臺北市12個行政區域進行分層，再按各行政區國小高年級人數占臺北市高年級國小總人口數之比例抽樣，每個行政區至少抽取一所學校，再抽取有（無）游泳池學校，每校抽取五、六年級各1班，每班30人，共約60人，計發放問卷1,200份，回收有效問卷1,074份，回收率89.5%。所得資料以SPSS for Windows 18.0版套裝軟體進行描述性統計、獨立樣本t檢定、單因子變異數分析、雪費法事後檢定及多元迴歸預測等統計分析所得結果歸納如下：一、臺北市游泳教學已經全面推行，有68.3%會游捷式，並且達到15公尺以上；多數學生不會游蝶式，有77.7％的學生在校外學過游泳，從三年級開始學習游泳的人數最多佔26.9﹪，而最早學習的泳姿為捷泳。二、有游泳池學校的男生游泳能力優於女生、六年級優於五年級，學校安排連上二節課的游泳能力較好。三、五年級對於游泳學習的情感與行動意向高於六年級，認知方面沒有差異，性別與設備對於學習態度沒有差異。四、學生捷泳、蛙泳、仰泳、蝶泳能力與學習態度之間為正相關，且均達顯著水準。五、初學時間、年級、認知及行動意向對於「游泳能力」具有顯著預測力。其中又以初學時間可以解釋力達21.4%為最高，以三年級開始學游泳，其游泳能力最佳。

The research was for the purpose of discussing on the correlation between swimming ability and learning attitude in higher grades elementary students in Taipei city, and compare the different background variable student swims ability and learning attitude difference situation. In this study, higher grades of elementary school students in Taipei city as respondents, selects the questionnaire survey method. The research tool is self edited questionnaires which included three dimensions: 1. Including basic information. 2. To learn swimming ability. 3. Swimming attitude scale. By the stratified random sampling way, 1,200 questionnaires, 1,074 valid questionnaires were returned 89.5%. The data was SPSS for Windows 18.0 software package for descriptive statistics, independent sample t-test, one way ANOVA, Scheffˊe method and multiple regression analysis. The results were as follows: (a) Taipei has the full implementation of swimming teaching, 68.3% will Jie-style, and reach 15 meters or more, most students will not Die-style, 77.7% of the students learned to swim at school, from third grade to learn to swim The largest number accounted for 26.9%, while stroke is the first study Swimming. (b) Has the swimming pool school male student to swim ability to surpass the female student, the sixth grade to surpass the fifth grade, the school arrangement is connected including the above two classes swimming abilities to be good. (c) The fifth grade is higher than the sixth grade regarding the swimming study's emotion and the motion intention, the cognition aspect does not have the difference, the sex and the equipment does not have the difference regarding the study manner. (d) The students swimming ability and a positive correlation between learning attitude, and reached significant. (e) Begins studies the time, grade, the cognitive and behaviorintention to "swimming ability" has significant predictive power. Begins studies the time to be possible to strength 21.4%, starts study the swimming by the third grade, its swimming ability is best.