親子關係對青少年離婚態度之影響

Abstract

本研究旨在探討青少年對離婚的態度，並進一步分析個人背景變項、家庭背景變項及親子關係對青少年離婚態度之影響。採問卷調查法，針對全臺灣北、中、南、東四個地區就讀於高中職一年級到三年級、年齡介於15歲至18歲之間的學生進行抽樣，有效樣本共計1248人。主要研究發現如下： 一、整體而言，青少年對離婚的態度為「普通」偏「不認同」。對離婚態度四個面向的認同程度，由高至低依序為「離婚的困難度」、「對離婚的接受度」、「離婚的可行性」、「個人及孩子的福祉」。 二、「性別」、「主要照顧者」、「宗教信仰」、「學校類別」及「知覺父母婚姻關係」對於青少年的離婚態度有顯著影響力。女性、主要照顧者為母親、無宗教信仰、就讀高中、父母婚姻關係愈不和諧之青少年，對離婚持較認同之態度。 三、親子關係在背景變項對青少年「離婚的困難度」、「個人及孩子的福祉」兩個離婚態度面向的影響中，具有中介作用；親子的親密情感，對青少年的離婚態度之影響力，大於父母的婚姻關係。The purpose of this study is to explore adolescents’ attitudes toward divorce, and investigate the effect of personal demographic variables, family demographic variables, and parent-child relationship. A questionnaire survey was conducted on senior and vocational high school students who are in first to third grade and aged from fifteen to eighteen in Taiwan. The valid subjects which were purposed acquired through stratified sampling for proportions are 1248. Findings of the study indicate: 1.Over all, senior and vocational high school students’ attitudes toward divorce were common inclined to disagree. Level of acceptance of four dimensions from high to low are “Difficulty of Divorce,” “Acceptance of Divorce,” “Feasibility of Divorce,” and “Welfare of Individuals and child.” 2.“Gender,” “primary caregiver,” “religion,” “school type,” and “perception of parents’ marital relationship” had significant effect on adolescents’ attitudes toward divorce. In other words, adolescents who are female, have mother as primary caregiver, have no religion, are high school students and perceive disharmonious parents’ marital relationship tend to agree divorce. 3.Parent-child relationship has mediation effects on the relation between adolescents’ demographic variables and two dimensions of attitudes toward divorce, “Difficulty of Divorce” and “Welfare of Individuals and child.” Besides, the intimacy relationship between adolescents and parents has more influence on adolescents’ attitudes toward divorce than parents’ marital relationship.