科技問題解決的教材設計
No Thumbnail Available
Date
2008-06-01
Authors
張玉山
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
國立編譯館
Abstract
本文主要在分析國內外「生活科技」教科書中，科技問題解決的 教材現況，並透過當前科技問題解決教學理論與研究取向，統整提出 功能導向的科技問題解決教材設計模式，以及教材設計的實例，供作 參考。本文經分析結果發現，國內外教科書採用線性科技問題解決模 式為主；並未有學習鷹架的設計；雖有腦力激盪的過程，但少有創思 技術的教學；不重視再設計再製作的創新歷程；綜合討論以結果的發 表與欣賞為主，較少聚焦在經驗建構歷程。本文分析當前相關研究 後，提出功能導向的科技問題解決模式，以界定問題、研究分析、規 劃實作、測試評價、再設計等功能循環為核心，以建構學習、鷹架理 論、及創意學習3 者為教學重點，提出一個「水陸兩用載具設計」的 教學實例，供教科書編寫與教材設計的參考。
This paper aimed to develop technological problem solving activities from a functional model. After discussing technological problem solving activities in junior high school technology textbooks, the main findings were: (1)A linear model of technological problem solving often served as the basis for those activities; (2)Less use of scaffolding was made to support student learning; (3)Less creative thinking skills were taught; (4)The importance of redesign was not emphasized; (5)The class discussion focused little on experiences and processes of technological problem solving. Based on textbook analysis and literature reviews, a functional model of technological problem solving was proposed. Then an exemplar of technological problem solving activities was designed accordingly.
This paper aimed to develop technological problem solving activities from a functional model. After discussing technological problem solving activities in junior high school technology textbooks, the main findings were: (1)A linear model of technological problem solving often served as the basis for those activities; (2)Less use of scaffolding was made to support student learning; (3)Less creative thinking skills were taught; (4)The importance of redesign was not emphasized; (5)The class discussion focused little on experiences and processes of technological problem solving. Based on textbook analysis and literature reviews, a functional model of technological problem solving was proposed. Then an exemplar of technological problem solving activities was designed accordingly.