以優選理論分析西拉雅語重疊詞

Abstract

本篇論文的目的是重新分類西拉雅語重疊詞，並以優選理論為框架分析西拉雅語重疊詞。本論文認為西拉雅語重疊詞之分類是以語意為依據。西拉雅語重疊詞可分為四類：右向重疊、 -CV- 重疊、 CV重疊、 Ca-重疊。右向重疊通常表現圖象式語意(iconic meaning)，包含複數、習慣性動作、強調、未完成。Ca-重疊可表示圖象式語意或非圖象式語意(non-iconic meaning)：圖象式語意為進行式，非圖象式語意為由動詞衍生之名詞，及計算人類指稱對象。-CV-重疊通常不牽涉任何語意改變。CV重疊則用來計算非人類指稱對象。在分析方面，優選理論中的鄰近制約(adjacency constraints)被用來處理右向重疊、-CV-重疊、CV重疊。Hendricks 提出的Compression Model則用來壓縮Ca- 重疊中的重疊詞綴之大小。本篇論文為第一篇針對西拉雅語重疊詞重新分類且運用優選理論分析之論文。

The aim of this thesis is to re-categorize Siraya reduplication patterns and analyze Siraya reduplication patterns under the framework of Optimality Theory. This thesis argues that Siraya reduplication patterns are categorized semantically. There are four reduplication patterns in Siraya: rightward reduplication, -CV- reduplication, CV- reduplication, and Ca- reduplication. A base taking rightward reduplication usually expresses iconic meanings, such as PLURAL, HABITUAL, INTENSIVE, and IMPERFECTIVE. A base taking Ca- reduplication could express either iconic meaning, PROGRESSIVE, or non-iconic meanings, such as counting human referents and derive nouns from verbs. A base taking -CV- reduplication will result in no meaning change. A base taking CV- reduplication denotes a non-iconic meaning, counting nonhuman referents. An adjacency constraint family is adopted to analyze rightward, -CV-, and CV- reduplication. As for Ca- reduplication, the Compression Model proposed by Hendricks (1999) is used to compress the size of the reduplicants. This thesis is the first attempt to re-categorize Siraya reduplication patterns and analyze them under OT framework.