臺中市國中生飲用含糖飲料行為及其相關因素之研究

Abstract

本研究以橫斷性調查研究法，進行臺中市國中生飲用含糖飲料行為及其相關因素之研究。母群體為臺中市國中生，以分層集束隨機抽樣方式，選擇九十九學年度第二學期國中生566人為樣本，研究結果得重要發現如下： 一、研究對象之含糖飲料消費知識高；拒絕飲用含糖飲料自我效能、飲用含糖飲料社會支持屬中等；獲取含糖飲料便利性佳；每週接觸含糖飲料訊息頻率的管道以電視最高；研究對象含糖飲料一週的平均飲用量為3756c.c。 二、研究對象含糖飲料消費知識因性別、年級之不同水準而有顯著差異，其中以女生及八年級較佳；對含糖飲料的態度因性別之不同水準而有顯著差異，其中以女生較佳；拒絕飲用含糖飲料自我效能因性別、每週零用錢之不同水準而有顯著差異，其中女生、每週零用錢100元以下者較佳；飲用含糖飲料社會支持與個人背景因素無關。 三、研究對象飲用含糖飲料行為會因性別、年級、每週零用錢、自覺健康狀況之不同水準而有顯著差異，其中以男生、七年級學生、每週零用錢在100元以上者、自覺健康狀況「非常不好」者有較高的飲用含糖飲料行為。研究對象飲用含糖飲料行為亦與飲用含糖飲料社會支持、獲取含糖飲料便利性、接觸含糖飲料訊息頻率呈正相關；而與含糖飲料消費知識、對含糖飲料的態度、拒絕飲用含糖飲料自我效能呈負相關。 四、所有變項能有效預測飲用含糖飲料行為之總變異量的33.1％，其中以性別、年級、每週零用錢、含糖飲料消費知識、拒絕飲用含糖飲料自我效能、飲用含糖飲料社會支持、獲取含糖飲料便利性、接觸含糖飲料訊息頻率等八項為主要預測變項，以「拒絕飲用含糖飲料自我效能」對飲用含糖飲料行為解釋力最大。

根據研究結果，本研究針對學校、家庭和後續研究方面提出若干建議，以作為未來有關國中生飲用含糖飲料行為及其相關因素研究之參考。ABSTRACT

Investigate the sugar-sweetened beverages(SSBs) status among junior high school students in Taichung city and examine its influential factors were the main purposes of the study. Based on a cross-sectional method, the study consisted of 566 subjects who were selected by using cluster sampling from three junior high schools of Taichung city in June, 2011.The major findings were as follows: 1.The knowledge of SSBs was high degree. The social support of SSBs and self-efficacy of refusing SSBs were medium level. The accessibility of SSBs was high. Among the channels of exposure to SSBs, TV has the highest frequency. Weekly intakes of SSBs were average 3756c.c. 2.There is significance relation between the knowledge of SSBs, gender and grades. In the knowledge of SSBs, female’s average score is better than male’s and the eighth grade students’ average score is better than seventh and ninth grade students’ . There is significance relation between the attitude of SSBs and gender. In the attitude of SSBs, female is more positive than male. There is significance relation between the self-efficacy of refusing SSBs, gender and pocket money per week. In the self-efficacy of refusing SSBs, female is more positive than male. One who has less than 100 NT dollars pocket money per week has better average score in self-efficacy of refusing SSBs. There is no significance between social support of SSBs and personal background factors. 3.There is significance relation between SSBs intake, gender, grades, pocket money per week and perceived health status. Those who were male, seventh grade students, over 100 NT dollars pocket money per week and very poor perceived health status were tendency to higher SSBs intakes. Social support of SSBs, the accessibility of SSBs and the frequency of exposure to SSBs show positive correlation with SSBs intakes; while the knowledge of SSBs, the attitude of SSBs and the self-efficacy of refusing SSBs shows negative correlation with SSBs intakes. 4.The variances of SSBs intakes which could be explained by all research variables was up to 33.1%. The main predictors are gender, grades, pocket money per week, the knowledge of SSBs,the self-efficacy of refusing SSBs, social support of SSBs, the accessibility of SSBs and the frequency of exposure to SSBs. The most important predictor toward SSBs intakes was self-efficacy of refusing SSBs.

According the study results, some suggestions were offered to schools, families and further studies about SSBs intakes and its relevant factors.