公立幼兒園教師情緒勞務、生涯召喚與工作滿意度之關係研究─以雙北市為例

Abstract

本研究旨在探討公立幼兒園教師的情緒勞務、生涯召喚與工作滿意度之間的關聯性。研究採用網路問卷調查法，透過分層抽樣與便利取樣，取得318位有效樣本。研究工具包括「幼兒教師情緒勞務量表」、「成人生涯召喚量表」及「工作滿足感問卷」。資料分析方法涵蓋描述性統計、單一樣本t檢定、皮爾森積差相關、單因子變異數分析、多變量變異數分析、集群分析、區別分析以及獨立樣本t檢定。研究結果如下：（1）立幼兒園教師在情緒勞務、生涯召喚與工作滿意度上整體呈現中高程度；（2）教師的年齡與年資在情緒勞務及生涯召喚部分構面上具有顯著差異；（3）情緒勞務、生涯召喚與工作滿意度之間呈顯著正相關；（4）依據教師在情緒勞務與生涯召喚構面之得分進行集群分析，歸納出三種類型：熱忱投入型、安然平衡型與得過且過型；（5）不同類型教師在工作滿意度上存在顯著差異。最後，本研究根據研究結果進行深入討論，並對幼教現場實務及後續研究方向提出具體建議，期能作為教育主管機關與未來研究者之參考依據。This study aims to explore the relationships among emotional labor, career calling, and job satisfaction among public preschool teachers. An online questionnaire survey was conducted, and a total of 318 valid responses were obtained through stratified sampling and convenience sampling methods. The research instruments included the “Emotional Labor Scale for Preschool Teachers,” the “Adult Calling Scale” and the “Job Satisfaction Questionnaire”. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, one-sample t-test, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, one-way ANOVA, one-way MANOVA, cluster analysis, discriminant analysis and independent sample t-tests.The results indicated that: (1) Public preschool teachers demonstrated a moderately high level of emotional labor, career calling, and job satisfaction; (2) Teachers’ age and years of service showed significant differences in certain dimensions of emotional labor and career calling; (3) Emotional labor, career calling, and job satisfaction were significantly and positively correlated; (4) Based on cluster analysis of emotional labor and career calling scores, three distinct teacher profiles were identified: Passionate and Dedicated Type, Balanced and Stable Type, and Responsible and Pragmatic Type; (5) Significant differences in job satisfaction were found among the different teacher clusters.Based on these findings, the study offers an in-depth discussion and provides practical suggestions for early childhood education practices and future research directions. The results aim to serve as a reference for educational authorities and future researchers.