數位裝置使用時間、媒體多工與認知功能及身心適應之相關性研究

Abstract

本研究旨在探討數位裝置使用時間及媒體多工與認知功能、身心適應指標之間的關聯性。共招募177位高中及大學階段者參與本研究，參與者以電腦化測驗評估其工作記憶、注意力、轉換能力與抑制能力，並以自陳量表評估媒體多工狀況、衝動傾向、正念傾向、憂鬱傾向與生活滿意度。結果發現參與者平均每週數位裝置使用時間為58.68小時、平均媒體多工指數為2.69。數位裝置使用時間、媒體多工與認知功能之間存在著不同的關係：數位裝置使用時間與工作記憶作業表現正相關、在轉換虧損上呈U型曲線關係、與主動抑制情境中的反應時間成負相關；媒體多工則與工作記憶作業表現呈倒U型曲線關係、與過濾干擾訊息的能力呈現正相關、與抑制能力正相關。在自陳量表的部分，數位裝置使用時間、媒體多工與注意力衝動正相關、與正念傾向負相關，其中高媒體多工者有較高的憂鬱傾向。上述結果與過去文獻的比較與討論亦在本文中呈現。

This study aims to investigate the relationships between digital device usage, media multitasking, and cognitive functions as well as indicators of well-being. A total of 177 high school and university students were recruited for participation. Participants underwent computerized assessments to evaluate their working memory, attention, cognitive flexibility, and inhibitory control. Additionally, self-report scales were used to assess media multitasking, impulsivity, mindfulness, depression, and life satisfaction. The results revealed that participants had an average weekly digital device usage of 58.68 hours and an average media multitasking index of 2.69. Distinct relationships were observed between digital device usage, media multitasking, and cognitive functions. Digital device usage showed a positive correlation with working memory task performance, a U-shaped relationship with cognitive flexibility deficits, and a negative correlation with reaction time in proactive inhibition situations. Media multitasking exhibited an inverted U-shaped relationship with working memory task performance, a positive correlation with the ability to filter out interference, and a positive correlation with inhibitory control. On the self-report scales, digital device usage and media multitasking were positively correlated with attentional impulsivity and negatively correlated with mindfulness orientation. High levels of media multitasking were associated with a higher tendency toward depression. The present study presents a comparison and discussion of these findings in relation to existing literature.