弦樂團初階教材之內容分析–以Strictly Strings為例

Abstract

本研究旨在針對Strictly Strings弦樂團體初階教材進行內容分析，涵蓋小提琴、中提琴、大提琴及低音提琴之版本，每項樂器皆出版三冊，總計十二冊。研究工具以「樂曲類型」、「音樂理論」與「演奏技巧」之主類目進行內容分析，獲致以下結論：壹、Strictly Strings小提琴、中提琴、大提琴與低音提琴教材內容之「樂曲類型」研究結果為四種弦樂器版本之樂曲內容編排皆相同。其中，以作者自編曲佔整套教材中最多數，編寫符合初學者學習之樂曲內容。貳、Strictly Strings小提琴、中提琴、大提琴與低音提琴教材內容之「音樂理論」分成了「曲調」、「節奏」及「音樂術語與符號」三個面向進行內容探究。於「曲調」中，音階調性在各樂器的教材內容編排皆相同，以C大調之樂曲出現最多次，使初學者針對按弦與認譜技巧較易上手；音階排序中，以大調音階作為初學建構音階概念之內容；音程於四種樂器教材內容中，僅前兩冊有標記音程距離之記號；以單聲部為最多，使初學時即體驗合奏聲響。「節奏」中，拍號編排完善，並以四四拍子為最多，強調其拍子學習之重要性；在符值與節奏型態的編排，以四分音符涵蓋最多，節奏型態的類型也涵蓋完善。「音樂術語與符號」中，力度記號使用由fff至ppp的編排皆涵蓋，速度術語與表情術語之使用也十分完整；在其他符號的使用相當廣泛且多元，且內文含有許多圖文的輔助說明，使初學者易上手。參、Strictly Strings小提琴、中提琴、大提琴與低音提琴材內容之「演奏技巧」方面，「樂器與姿勢」透過許多圖文的輔助說明引導初學者對於樂器的使用奠基良好的基礎；於「右手技巧」與「左手技巧」之內容編排循序漸進，並於首次出現之技巧會於樂譜中以藍色字體作為第一次出現之提示。研究者並依據研究結論提出相關建議，以供教材編輯者、教學者及後續研究參考。This study aims to conduct a content analysis of the Strictly Strings beginner ensemble textbooks, which include versions for violin, viola, cello, and double bass. Each instrument has three books, making a total of twelve books. The research tools used for content analysis focused on three main categories:" Repertoire Category," "Music Theory," and "Performance Skills." The conclusions are as follows: 1.The study found that the content of the " Repertoire Category" in the Strictly Strings textbooks for violin, viola, cello, and double bass is identical across the four instrument versions. The majority of the pieces in the series are composed by the authors, designed to be suitable for beginners. 2.The "Music Theory" content in the Strictly Strings textbooks is divided into three aspects: "Melody," "Rhythm," and "Musical Terms and Symbols."Melody: The arrangement of scales is the same across all instrument textbooks, with C major being the most frequently occurring key, facilitating ease of learning for beginners. Major scales are primarily used to construct the concept of scales. Intervals are marked only in the first two books, and single-part exercises are most common to help beginners experience ensemble sounds.Rhythm: The textbooks feature a well-organized arrangement of time signatures, with 4/4 being the most frequent, emphasizing its importance. Quarter notes are the most covered note value, and the rhythmic patterns are comprehensive.Musical Terms and Symbols: Dynamic markings range from fff to ppp, and tempo and expression terms are thoroughly covered. Various other symbols are used extensively, with many diagrams and illustrations to aid beginners.3.In terms of "Playing Techniques," the textbooks provide comprehensive diagrams and illustrations to guide beginners in using the instruments properly.Instrument and Posture: Detailed diagrams and explanations help establish a solid foundation for beginners.Right-Hand and Left-Hand Techniques: The content is organized progressively, with first-time techniques highlighted in blue text for easy identification. The researcher offers relevant suggestions based on the study's conclusions for textbook editors, educators, and future research.