台灣國中英文課室聽力教材比較之研究
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2017
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Abstract
多數的台灣英文教師使用「有固定講稿」的聽力教材，而這種聽力教材似乎無法有效幫助學生在教室外理解真實的情境對話。此研究的目的是要探究「無固定講稿」的聽力教材是否能增強學生的聽力理解，並比較學生在這兩種教材聽力的表現。
共有七十位就讀台北市國中八年級的學生參與此實驗。參與者被分為四組並在十個禮拜中接受不同的聽力訓練與測試。結果顯示無論是「有固定講稿」的聽力教材或是「無固定講稿」的聽力教材皆無法幫助學生達到顯著進步。而「無固定講稿」的聽力「測驗」卻有益於學習者的聽力，同時也提升了學生學習聽力的動機，也製造了好的考試準備效果。
根據「遷移適宜歷程理論」(TAP)，當學習與使用的過程一致時，學習者的能力可發揮最大效用。此研究結果建議「無固定講稿」的聽力教材的使用，因為教材的性質與真實對話相近，因而能培養學生真正的聽力能力。而且，「無固定講稿」的聽力測驗能測出學習者的真實能力。支持使用「無固定講稿」的聽力教材之論點將於第五章中接續討論。
In Taiwanese English classes, teachers mostly utilize ‘scripted’ listening materials in listening teaching, which did not fully equip learners with competence to comprehend the real-life speech outside the classroom. The purpose of the current study was to (1) investigate whether the ‘unscripted’ text is beneficial to learners and, (2)compare and contrast their performances in both ‘scripted’ and ‘unscripted’ listening tests. Seventy eighth graders in Taipei public junior high school were included as participants. Participants were categorized into four groups and treated with different combinations of listening materials during 10-week experiment. The results indicated that neither unscripted nor scripted texts conduced to significant improvement in learners’ listening comprehension. However, the ‘unscripted tests’ not only benefited learners’ listening abilities but also raised their motivation in English listening. The positive backwash was found in this type of listening test. Based on the hypothesis of Transfer Appropriate Processing (TAP), the congruency between learning and using conditions can benefit learners. In this study, the result suggested implementing the ‘unscripted’ text in classroom settings because the text is more like real-life speech and it consequently can equip learners with the real ability to comprehend native speakers. What is more, the ‘unscripted’ test is a useful assessment to measure learners’ accurate listening ability. The reasons of calling for the use of ‘unscripted text’ were discussed in the pedagogical implication.
In Taiwanese English classes, teachers mostly utilize ‘scripted’ listening materials in listening teaching, which did not fully equip learners with competence to comprehend the real-life speech outside the classroom. The purpose of the current study was to (1) investigate whether the ‘unscripted’ text is beneficial to learners and, (2)compare and contrast their performances in both ‘scripted’ and ‘unscripted’ listening tests. Seventy eighth graders in Taipei public junior high school were included as participants. Participants were categorized into four groups and treated with different combinations of listening materials during 10-week experiment. The results indicated that neither unscripted nor scripted texts conduced to significant improvement in learners’ listening comprehension. However, the ‘unscripted tests’ not only benefited learners’ listening abilities but also raised their motivation in English listening. The positive backwash was found in this type of listening test. Based on the hypothesis of Transfer Appropriate Processing (TAP), the congruency between learning and using conditions can benefit learners. In this study, the result suggested implementing the ‘unscripted’ text in classroom settings because the text is more like real-life speech and it consequently can equip learners with the real ability to comprehend native speakers. What is more, the ‘unscripted’ test is a useful assessment to measure learners’ accurate listening ability. The reasons of calling for the use of ‘unscripted text’ were discussed in the pedagogical implication.
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Keywords
「有固定講稿」的聽力教材, 「無固定講稿」的聽力教材, 遷移適宜歷程理論, Scripted Text, Unscripted Text, Transfer Appropriate Processing TAP