透明性與當代建築之創作研究

Abstract

本研究是以1970年代柯林．羅等人的透明性的理論為溯源，探索二十世紀初建築與藝術之關係，推展至當代的建築設計透明性的應用與特點，闡述當代建築與透明性的關聯。研究方法是以文獻探討與設計者的演講來貼近設計者與作品本身，以數個國際知名建築師之作品為案例代表，分析整理各個案例的視覺感受、質感、色彩、結構、空間序列以及設計思考等，呈現出設計者的思路與設計實踐，理解到當代建築涉及透明性的設計方法時，作品反映空間與環境彼此烘托之關係。 透明性的早期理論和案例影響後世至今，許多空間設計會應用透明性思考方式和設計形式。透過本研究，可以見到透明性理論和作品的演變，亦即由科比意影響至當代建築師的案例分析，近代建築案例聚焦在妹島和世、石上純也和彼得．卒姆托等知名建築師之作品，當代透明性建築是為透明性理論的延伸與豐富。 在理論分析之後，再以台北市立大學生態池為設計基地，進行半開放空間創作實驗，其成果於青田十六作公開展出，為透明性與環境的關係，得出更為清晰而且實際的研究結果。透明性宜關注空間的視覺效果，在設計方法上，綜合空間之深度、結構、立面，和環境的互動等來考量，開展空間的自由感、連續性，和層次感，予人多樣且動態的空間體會。

The Transparency theory of Colin Rowe and Robert Slutzky is the origin of this study, for exploring the relationships between architecture and art, and realizes its’ application and thoughts of modern architecture. The method of qualitative research is literature review and designers’ speeches to understand their thoughts clearly. The case study is typical design cases of world-renowned architects, through analyzing the visual experiences, texture, colors, structure and space sequence in each case, and reveals designers’ thinking processes and design practice. Thus, the architecture involving with Transparency brings out the contrast relationships between space itself and its site. Transparency by Colin Rowe influenced modern architecture from the earlier twentieth century to now. Nowadays, more and more architects and interior designers apply transparency in their concepts and creating. In this study, the changes of Transparency is necessary, and gives the advice to compare Le Corbusier’s architecture with the classic examples in Transparency and contemporary architecture. In case study of contemporary architecture is from designers, such as SANNA, Junya Ishigami, Peter Zumthor and so on. The expansion of the changes in contemporary architecture is abundant in Transparency. Finally, at the end of the study, taking the ecological space in University of Taipei as site for design, in the same site, the project A is prone to geometric collage, and the project B is a tendency towards universal space. To sum up, first, in those spaces for Transparency, visual effect is emphasis. Secondly, in Transparency design method, space design would be more free, continuous ,and hierarchical ,as taking many aspects into consideration, including the depth of space, structure, elevation, and so forth.