不同心肺適能國中生學業成就之比較研究
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2014
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綜合過去研究結果顯示:健康體適能項目中，心肺適能與學業成績關聯性最高。但影響學業成績表現因素卻不少，過去研究中較少控制此相關因素，所以本研究目的:探討控制相關影響因素(學生智力測驗PR值、父母親教育年數與學生讀書時間)下，比較不同心肺適能國中生學業成績之差異。本研究方法使用次級資料分析，蒐集101學年度新北市某國中學生308人之國文、英文、數學與總成績(國文、英文、數學、社會與生物)，與智力測驗PR值，並用問卷調查，蒐集放學後讀書時間與父母親教育年數，並測量心肺適能(女生800公尺／男生1,600公尺跑走)成績，再將心肺適能成績對照教育部92年公布之體適能常模予以分為金銀牌、銅牌、中等及請加強4級。所得數據進行共變異數分析(共變項為學生智力測驗PR值、父母親教育年數與學生讀書時間)比較不同等級心肺適能學生之學業成績是否有顯著差異。本研究之虛無假設：在控制相關影響因素下，不同心肺適能國中生其學業成績沒有顯著差異。研究結果顯示：一、總成績:金、銀牌級(74.2分)與銅牌級(70.9分)學生之總成績顯著優於請加強級(59.2分)學生之總成績(p<.05)，金、銀牌級(74.2分)學生之總成績顯著優於中等級(62.3分)學生之總成績(p<.05)；國文成績:金、銀牌級(74.1分)與銅牌級(72.2分)學生之國文成績顯著優於請加強級(62.3分)學生之國文成績(p<.05)；英文成績:金、銀牌級(73.7分)與銅牌級(73.6分)學生之英文成績顯著優於請加強級(57.9分)學生之英文成績(p<.05)，金、銀牌級(73.7分)與銅牌級(73.6分)學生之英文成績顯著優於中等級(59.9分)學生之英文成績(p<.05)；數學成績:金、銀牌級(70.5分)與銅牌級(67.5分)學生之數學成績顯著優於請加強級(54.6分)學生之數學成績(p<.05)，金、銀牌級(70.5分)成績顯著優於中等級(56.3分)學生之數學成績(p<.05)。本研究結論：在控制學生智力測驗PR值、父母親教育年數與學生讀書時間下，心肺適能較佳國中學生其國文、英文、數學與總平均成績優於心肺適能較差者。
There are quite a few factors to academic performances while research results show cardiovascular fitness that is on top of all factors and highly correlated to academic performance, is rarely being used in research as control factor. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to work with controlled factors (students’ intelligence test PR values, parents’ education vs. students’ study hours) to compare academic performance results among students in different cardiovascular levels. This research analysis is based on secondary data, the scores in academic subjects (Chinese, English, Mathematics, Social Sciences, Biology) in academic year 2012, PR IQ test results, questionnaire results on after-school-study-hours along with parents’ academic achievements, and cardiovascular fitness (run/walk tests: female 800-meters/male 1600-meters) test results divided into four levels of physical fitness standard, gold medal/ bronze medal/ medium level/ “need to improve”, published by Ministry of Education in 2002. Analysis of covariance (including IQ test PR score, parent’s education) is conducted and study results show the significant differences of academic performance between students from different levels of physical fitness. 本The null hypothesis for this study is: with controlled factors, secondary school students’ academic performances do not vary among students’ with different cardiovascular fitness levels.The research results show that: a. Total score: Total scores (p<.05) of students in fitness levels Gold and Silver medal (74.2 points) and Bronze medal (70.9 points) are significant higher than those in fitness levels “need –to-improve” (59.2 points); those (p<.05) in Gold medal/Silver medal level (74.1 points) are significant higher than those in medium level (62.3 points); b. Scores in Chinese: Those Chinese scores (p<.05.) of students in Gold/Silver medal level (74.1 points) and Bronze medal level (72.2) are significantly higher than those in “need-to-improve” level (62.3 points); c. Scores in English: Those English scores (p<.05.) of students in Gold/Silver medal level (73.1 points) and Bronze medal level (73.6) are significantly higher than those in “need-to-improve” level (59.9 points); d. Scores in Mathematics: Those Mathematics scores (p<.05.) of students in Gold/Silver medal level (70.5 points) and Bronze medal level (67.5) are significantly higher than those in “need-to-improve” level (54.6 points); those (p<.05) in Gold medal/Silver medal level (70.5 points) are significant higher than those in medium level(56.3 points). Conclusion of this study: under controlled factors of IQ test PR scores, parent’s education achievements, and numbers of study hours, the higher scores of cardiovascular fitness, the higher the scores are in the academic results in Chinese, English, Mathematics, and total average scores.
There are quite a few factors to academic performances while research results show cardiovascular fitness that is on top of all factors and highly correlated to academic performance, is rarely being used in research as control factor. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to work with controlled factors (students’ intelligence test PR values, parents’ education vs. students’ study hours) to compare academic performance results among students in different cardiovascular levels. This research analysis is based on secondary data, the scores in academic subjects (Chinese, English, Mathematics, Social Sciences, Biology) in academic year 2012, PR IQ test results, questionnaire results on after-school-study-hours along with parents’ academic achievements, and cardiovascular fitness (run/walk tests: female 800-meters/male 1600-meters) test results divided into four levels of physical fitness standard, gold medal/ bronze medal/ medium level/ “need to improve”, published by Ministry of Education in 2002. Analysis of covariance (including IQ test PR score, parent’s education) is conducted and study results show the significant differences of academic performance between students from different levels of physical fitness. 本The null hypothesis for this study is: with controlled factors, secondary school students’ academic performances do not vary among students’ with different cardiovascular fitness levels.The research results show that: a. Total score: Total scores (p<.05) of students in fitness levels Gold and Silver medal (74.2 points) and Bronze medal (70.9 points) are significant higher than those in fitness levels “need –to-improve” (59.2 points); those (p<.05) in Gold medal/Silver medal level (74.1 points) are significant higher than those in medium level (62.3 points); b. Scores in Chinese: Those Chinese scores (p<.05.) of students in Gold/Silver medal level (74.1 points) and Bronze medal level (72.2) are significantly higher than those in “need-to-improve” level (62.3 points); c. Scores in English: Those English scores (p<.05.) of students in Gold/Silver medal level (73.1 points) and Bronze medal level (73.6) are significantly higher than those in “need-to-improve” level (59.9 points); d. Scores in Mathematics: Those Mathematics scores (p<.05.) of students in Gold/Silver medal level (70.5 points) and Bronze medal level (67.5) are significantly higher than those in “need-to-improve” level (54.6 points); those (p<.05) in Gold medal/Silver medal level (70.5 points) are significant higher than those in medium level(56.3 points). Conclusion of this study: under controlled factors of IQ test PR scores, parent’s education achievements, and numbers of study hours, the higher scores of cardiovascular fitness, the higher the scores are in the academic results in Chinese, English, Mathematics, and total average scores.
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Keywords
心肺適能, 學業表現, 國中學生, aerobic fitness, academic performance, junior high school students