臺北市大同區國中生發展性資產概況之分析

Abstract

當前了解青少年發展之狀況往往都偏向單一面項，或者以缺陷的觀點來探討。近年來，美國Search Institute所建構之發展性資產（Developmental Assets）概念，不但以正向角度來觀看青少年發展，更以「整體」的方式來協助我們了解青少年之成長。因此，本研究運用Search Institute 發展性資產架構，透過DAP標準化量表，來瞭解臺北市大同區國中生之發展性資產概況，以及探討影響青少年發展性資產之擁有的相關因素。

本研究共計發放532份問卷，有效問卷為464份，有效問卷總回收率為87.22%。依據描述性統計、獨立樣本ｔ檢定、變異數分析以及多元迴歸分析，發現以下結果： 1.超過五成以上之大同區國中生在「整體發展性資產」、「內在性資產」、「外在性資產」以及八大範疇皆屬於「尚可」以下之程度。 2.女生之「整體發展性資產」顯著較男生佳。 3.「與雙親同住」國中生之「整體發展性資產」顯著比「單親與父同住」者佳。 4.「父親教育程度」顯著影響國中生「整體發展性資產」之擁有。 5.「基本變項」可以有效的解釋7.1%之「整體發展性資產」變異量。

針對研究結果，研究者並於文章中提供相關的討論與建議。

The understandings of adolescent development often tend to have single-sided or deficit concepts in the past. However, American Search Institute’s Developmental Assets model has been applied to the adolescent development in recent years by not only a positive perspective but also holistic way to understanding the teen growth.

Therefore, this research was carried out via a questionnaire to attempts to understand the teenagers development situation and probe into the relevant factors which affect adolescents’ developmental assets by using Search Institute’s framework of developmental assets and DAP (Developmental Assets Profile) survey.

In this research, the participants were junior high school students in Datong District, Taipei city. The questionnaire response rate is 87.22%. A total of 532 questionnaires were distributed, 464 of them were returned valid and reliable.

According to statistical analysis by descriptive statistics, independent samples T test, analysis of variance and multiple regression. The survey results show that： 1.Over 50% of the participants were below the level of “fair” in internal assets, external assets and total assets. 2.Teenage girls’ overall development of assets is better than teenage boys’. 3.The total assets of the participants living with both parents are better than the participants living with single-fathers. 4.Apparently, the participants’ overall development of assets is affected by their father’s education level. 5.The explained variance of the test is 7.1%.

For further results in this research, the author will discuss the details in the text.