B型肝炎帶原者接受追蹤檢查行為影響因素探討－以某基金會肝炎篩檢活動帶原者為例

Abstract

摘 要 本研究為探討影響社區B型肝炎帶原者未能遵照醫囑規律接受追蹤檢查因素。針對其個人背景因素、健康信念、健康控握、B型肝炎知識及社會支持進行差異、相關比較，並預測其影響因子。研究對象取參加某基金會社區肝炎篩檢活動之B型肝炎帶原者273人分析，以郵寄結構式問卷調查。所得資料分析結果如下： 一、年齡、婚姻狀況、家人罹患肝病、固定就醫場所、肝功能檢查經驗、檢查前清楚自己患有B型肝炎、社會支持、B型肝炎知識、健康信念之嚴重性、有效性、障礙性與B型肝炎帶原者是否接受追蹤檢查行為間，有顯著的差異與相關。 二、年齡、婚姻狀況、家人罹患肝病、固定就醫場所、肝功能檢查經驗、檢查前清楚患有B型肝炎、B型肝炎知識及健康信念之有效性，為B型肝炎帶原者是否接受追蹤檢查行為之有效預測因子，預測力41.4%。 綜上，對未來促進B型肝炎帶原者健康之建議，除加強推廣全民定期接受肝炎篩檢基本概念外，落實社區高危險群長期追蹤管理，宣導正確肝炎防治知識，才能達到全民健康促進之境界。 關鍵字：B型肝炎帶原者、B型肝炎知識、社會支持、健康信念、追蹤檢查行為Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate the factors influencing the compliances of follow-up behaviors of HBV carriers. We focused on the following factors：personal background, health belief, health locus control, the knowledge of hepatitis B, and social support. We recruited 273 HBV carriers detected by the community screening programs by Liver Disease Prevention& Treatment Research Foundation and mailed structured questionnaires to them. The results of data analysis were as follows: 1. Whether HBV carriers received subsequent follow-up were correlated with the following factors, such as age, marital status, family members suffering from liver disease, a fixed place for medical treatment, experience of receiving liver function test, aware of existed hepatitis B before the screening, social support, the knowledge of hepatitis B, the seriousness, effectiveness, and obstacle of health beliefs. 2. Whether HBV carriers received subsequent follow-up could be predicted by the following factors, such as age, marital status, family members suffering from liver disease, a fixed place for medical treatment, experience of receiving liver function test, aware of existed hepatitis B before the screening, the knowledge of hepatitis B, the effectiveness of health belief. The predictive power was 41.1%. For the health promotion of HBV carriers, we suggested that in addition to further promote the basic concepts of regular screening for hepatitis B, the implementation of long-term follow-up and management for the high-risk population, and disseminating the proper knowledge of hepatitis B, were also needed. Key words: HBV carriers, knowledge of hepatitis B, social support, health belief, compliant follow-up behavior of liver function examination