語文著作權仲介團體之研究
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2005
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摘 要
資訊社會,能主導、左右整個社會大勢的,不再是勞力、機器或資金,而是創意和觀念,國人對智慧財產權的保護,也日趨重視。智慧財產權主要包括著作權、商標權、專利權,其中著作權與一般人的生活最息息相關,舉凡文字與音樂的創作皆屬著作權的範疇,然而所謂的創作亦不是完全憑空想像得來,主要亦是依賴著前人知識的累積與傳承,所以著作權是屬於「公有財」或「私有財」?亦有所爭議。因此所謂保護著作權的目的,並不是一昧的保護著作,將其藏之高閣,神聖不可侵犯;著作權之享有,有賴於著作人就其著作依著作權法所享有之各種專屬排他權,藉轉讓或授權方式以換取對價或使用報酬,始能有效落實。
著作權仲介團體為著作財產權人與著作利用人間溝通之橋樑,透過集合管理方式,成立仲介團體,以最經濟之方式進行授權談判、監督利用、收取報酬、分配報酬及打擊侵害;語文著作被廣泛地利用,著作財產權人之權益一再地受侵害而束手無策,利用人縱使有心守法,亦無管道洽談授權之情事,所以本研究藉由專家訪談瞭解著作權仲介團體之組織、運作及成立所遭遇之問題,給予國內未來成立語文著作權仲介團體建議。
根據文獻探討及專家訪談結論,提出下列建議:
一、中華語文著作權仲介協會
從91年申請至今,是我國第一個也是目前惟一的語文著作權仲介團體,一路篳路藍縷,各界也殷殷期盼它的誕生,不過面臨許多的問題,期望許多有心人士以及專業人士的加入,使它能解決目前「錢」與「人」的問題,另外協會本身也應多考量實務面及市場等因素,降低使用報酬率及擬定營運計劃分階段實施,促使中華語文著作權仲介協會能早日核准成立。
二、修法的建議
將來修法時能多廣納各方意見,並斟酌配套措施及台灣實際運作的困境,使仲團的營運能更順利並與國際接軌。
三、受限於市場規模及營運成本,有關資料庫的建立及線上授權機制,建議政府研發共同模組提供仲團使用或者予以資金上的補助。
四、各界應多加強並落實尊重智慧財產權。
ABRIDGMENT In the information society, it is the creation and conception, not the labory, machinery or capital that dominate the whole community. So, our people put more and more emphases on the protection of the intelligence property right. The intelligence property right mainly includes copyright, patent right and commerical mark right. Among them, copyright, not out of sheer imagination, concerning much with our daily life, including the fields of literary creation and mucsic creation, depends on the accumulation and descent of the former information. This causes people to argue whether the copyright is the public property or private property. The purpose of protecting the copyright is not to take it as sacred or never violation by blindly protecting it. The practice of copyright protection can take effect for literary men only by following the peculiar exclusion ,legally transfering or authorization to get the rewards. Copyright collective administration plays the role to communicate between the copyright owners and the users. The administration works efficiently on authorization negotiation, usage supervision, charge mangement of the agents. With the broad usage of the literary, the ownership-protection of the copyright repeatedly works in vain. The users, even legally abiding by the copyright law, usually suffer from the failure of the access to the authorization. The research focuses on the interview of the copyright experts to understand more about the organizations, operation and problems of the copyright collective administrations abroad and at home to give proposals to the future copyright collective administrations at home.
ABRIDGMENT In the information society, it is the creation and conception, not the labory, machinery or capital that dominate the whole community. So, our people put more and more emphases on the protection of the intelligence property right. The intelligence property right mainly includes copyright, patent right and commerical mark right. Among them, copyright, not out of sheer imagination, concerning much with our daily life, including the fields of literary creation and mucsic creation, depends on the accumulation and descent of the former information. This causes people to argue whether the copyright is the public property or private property. The purpose of protecting the copyright is not to take it as sacred or never violation by blindly protecting it. The practice of copyright protection can take effect for literary men only by following the peculiar exclusion ,legally transfering or authorization to get the rewards. Copyright collective administration plays the role to communicate between the copyright owners and the users. The administration works efficiently on authorization negotiation, usage supervision, charge mangement of the agents. With the broad usage of the literary, the ownership-protection of the copyright repeatedly works in vain. The users, even legally abiding by the copyright law, usually suffer from the failure of the access to the authorization. The research focuses on the interview of the copyright experts to understand more about the organizations, operation and problems of the copyright collective administrations abroad and at home to give proposals to the future copyright collective administrations at home.
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著作權仲介團體, 仲介團體, 語文著作, 著作權