博物館家庭志工解說員戲劇詮釋之心流經驗個案研究
No Thumbnail Available
Date
2016
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Abstract
國際博物館逐漸普遍地發展戲劇詮釋教育活動，然而國內博物館囿於人力與經費的限制，只有國立台灣歷史博物館從2009年起持續性地由國立台南大學協助策劃相關教育活動。志工是博物館重要的人力資源與最親密的觀眾群，但是鮮少有文獻針對十五歲以下的孩童志工或家庭志工進行相關探討。
因此本研究從Csikszentmihaly 心流理論、Dewey的經驗理論及佐藤學的學習共同體的觀點，探討家庭志工執行博物館戲劇詮釋之心流經驗及發展歷程。本研究採用質性研究法，以宜蘭縣自然史教育館的志工為研究對象，共有二十位志工參與，主要由五個核心家庭成員組成。宜蘭縣自然史教育館扮演著促進心流的學習中心 。研究發現個性、文化、環境與家庭的支持能影響人們進入心流。
本研究結論如下：
一、家庭攸關教育的成效，也是影響個人能夠進入心流的重要關鍵。
二、教育要觸及學習者的心靈使之渴望，因為決定學習的質量在於主動性。
三、教育要提供學習者略高於能力的挑戰，誘導採取行動以便能享受歡樂與
自尊。
針對博物館界的建議如下 ：
一、博物館宜招募家庭志工由其共同推動教育活動。
二、博物館場域適合發展戲劇詮釋，可呈現物件標本相關人、事、物的故事。
三、博物館要尊重解說員的獨特價值，協助其實現自我以持續地進入心流。
整體而言，家庭志工不僅投入心血於教育館，改變了教育館的活動形式、增加導覽解說方式，還轉換家庭成員的互動模式、也改變了自家孩童的個性，形成從個人、家庭、社群及機構，從小而大、如骨牌式環環相扣的循環改變。
International museums have been gradually developing educational activities involving theatre interpretation, however due to limited funding and man-power available for museums inside the country, the only museum that has been continually developing education activities in this field since 2009 is the National Museum of Taiwan History, with the help of the National University of Tainan. Volunteer is not only the museum's most important human resource, but is also the museum's most intimate group of audience. However there are very few literature and research that discuss the topics of children volunteers under the age of 15, and family volunteers. Therefore, this research will investigate the flow experience and development of family volunteers' involvement in the museum's theatre interpretation activities from the perspectives of Csikszentmihaly's theory of flow, Dewey's theory of experience, and Manabu Sato's cooperative learning community. This research uses qualitative research, studying a sample of 20 people, mainly made up of 5 core families who volunteered at the Yi-Lan Natural History Educational Museum. The Yi-Lan Natural History Educational Museum acts as a learning center which stimulates and facilitates flow. Research has found that personality, culture, environment, and the support of family can all affect one's ability to enter flow. This research's conclusions are as follow: 1.The involvement of family in the effect of education is also an important factor in an individual's ability to enter flow. 2.Education should bring out the urge to learn through touching the learner's heart and soul, because the quality of learning is determined by proactivity. 3.Education should provide the learner with challenges slightly above his or her ability, in effect inducing action taking and allowing the satisfaction of happiness and boosts in self-esteem. Recommendations for museums are as follow: 1.Museums should open to family volunteers and allow them to cooperatively promote educational activities. 2.A museum's setting is fit to develop theatre interpretation activities because stories of people, events, and items related to the objects of exposition can be displayed. 3.Museums should respect the unique value of the narrator guides and assist in their self-realization to constantly enter flow. In general, family volunteers not only invest full effort in the education center, they are also able to alter the form of the center's activities, provide an extraordinary narrative tour guide model, and even transform the way family members interact, changing the personality of their own children, forming, from small to vast, an interlocking cycle of domino effects affecting individuals, families, community, and institution.
International museums have been gradually developing educational activities involving theatre interpretation, however due to limited funding and man-power available for museums inside the country, the only museum that has been continually developing education activities in this field since 2009 is the National Museum of Taiwan History, with the help of the National University of Tainan. Volunteer is not only the museum's most important human resource, but is also the museum's most intimate group of audience. However there are very few literature and research that discuss the topics of children volunteers under the age of 15, and family volunteers. Therefore, this research will investigate the flow experience and development of family volunteers' involvement in the museum's theatre interpretation activities from the perspectives of Csikszentmihaly's theory of flow, Dewey's theory of experience, and Manabu Sato's cooperative learning community. This research uses qualitative research, studying a sample of 20 people, mainly made up of 5 core families who volunteered at the Yi-Lan Natural History Educational Museum. The Yi-Lan Natural History Educational Museum acts as a learning center which stimulates and facilitates flow. Research has found that personality, culture, environment, and the support of family can all affect one's ability to enter flow. This research's conclusions are as follow: 1.The involvement of family in the effect of education is also an important factor in an individual's ability to enter flow. 2.Education should bring out the urge to learn through touching the learner's heart and soul, because the quality of learning is determined by proactivity. 3.Education should provide the learner with challenges slightly above his or her ability, in effect inducing action taking and allowing the satisfaction of happiness and boosts in self-esteem. Recommendations for museums are as follow: 1.Museums should open to family volunteers and allow them to cooperatively promote educational activities. 2.A museum's setting is fit to develop theatre interpretation activities because stories of people, events, and items related to the objects of exposition can be displayed. 3.Museums should respect the unique value of the narrator guides and assist in their self-realization to constantly enter flow. In general, family volunteers not only invest full effort in the education center, they are also able to alter the form of the center's activities, provide an extraordinary narrative tour guide model, and even transform the way family members interact, changing the personality of their own children, forming, from small to vast, an interlocking cycle of domino effects affecting individuals, families, community, and institution.
Description
Keywords
心流經驗, 博物館教育, 戲劇詮釋, 合作共同體, 家庭志工, flow experience, museum education, cooperative learning community, theatre interpretation, family volunteer