女性職涯發展中玻璃天花板效應之研究─以媒體產業中高階女主管為例

Abstract

女性在某些領域常被認為會遭遇職涯發展上的玻璃天花板，但是近年來女性接受高等教育的比例已相當接近男性，愈來愈多女性在職場上嶄露頭角佔有一席之地，玻璃天花板效應仍然發生？本研究旨在探討女性中高階主管在職涯發展的過程中性別、家庭、婚姻、傳統觀念、支持系統等因子對玻璃天花板效應的影響，以及自我突破玻璃天花板效應的策略。台灣媒體產業七名中高階女性主管對象，利用半結構化訪綱訪談蒐集資料。結果發現：（1）中高階女性主管職涯發展過程中並無明顯的「玻璃天花板效應」阻礙；（2）性別刻板印象對職涯發展無直接負向影響；（3）子女養育問題對於職涯發展會有影響；（4）做好準備、持續改善自我和做好家庭生活計畫是突破屏障的策略。

Women are often mentioned that they face their glass ceilings during their career development in some areas. However, it is wondered if the glass ceiling phenomenon still happens or not based on the following two indications: Female enrollment rate in higher education is almost equal to male enrollment rate in recent years; and, more and more women actively take part in the job market and get promoted to executive positions.The purpose of this study was to investigate some factors, such as gender, family, marital status, traditional values and supporting system, which possibly affect glass ceiling phenomenon in women's career development as well as to the strategies which women apply to break through the ceilings. nterview was employed to collect data needed. Seven mid- and high-level female managers/executives in Taiwan’s media sector were selected to become the interviewees of this study and a semi-structured interview outline was sent to the interviewees before interview. Consequently, the results of this study are as follows: (1) There is no obvious glass ceiling encountered by mid- and high-level female managers/executives in Taiwan’s media sector during their career development; (2) Gender stereotypes do not directly block their career development; (3) Responsibilities of parenting negatively affect career development; (4) Being well prepared, constantly improving themselves, and having a good plan for family life are strategies to break through their barriers.