台北市國中生攝取保健食品現況及教育需求調查之研究

Abstract

本研究主要目的在於瞭解國中生攝取保健食品行為之現況，並進一步探討個人背景因素、保健食品知識、保健食品健康信念、保健食品社會支持與攝取保健食品行為。本研究以台北市九十五學年度第一學期在學之七、八、九年級全體學生為對象，首先利用問卷調查法進行資料收集，共發出問卷510份，有效問卷回收率97.06 %，得有效樣本495人，所得資料以單因子變異數分析、皮爾森積差相關、複迴歸、徑路分析等統計方法進行分析，最後輔以質性研究，進行訪談。 研究結果發現：(1)各類保健食品使用頻率百分比以「礦物質」中「鈣片」的比例最高（57.8﹪）；(2)知覺保健食品利益、家人社會支持與攝取保健食品行為、種類及時間呈現正相關；知覺保健食品障礙與攝取保健食品行為呈現負相關；(3)性別、年級、社經地位、知覺利益、知覺障礙、家人社會支持共可解釋攝取保健食品總變異量的17.1﹪，其中以「家人社會支持」對攝取保健食品最具影響力。 根據本研究結果，建議未來教師應加強學生的保健食品正確觀念之外，政府亦需做好把關，使家長能夠在安全的環境下慎選適當的保健食品；在未來研究上可以增加父母飲食教養的探討，以做進一步的深入研究。

The purpose of this study is to investigate the intake of dietary supplements of the jourior high school students, and to examine the relationships betweenthe intake of dietary supplements and selected demographic characteristics as well as knowledge, health belief and social support.The population of this study is jounior high school students in Taipei.Data-collecting of the study was conducted by questionnaires.510 questionnaires were distributed,510 questionnaires were returned and 495 questionnaires were valid.One-way ANOVA, Pearson product-moment correlation and multiple regression were used to analyze the data. Several major findings were as follows: 1. The most frequently used dietary supplements was calcium tablet（57.8％）. 2. Peceived benefits and family support had a positive relation to the intake of dietary supplements.Peceived barriers had a negative relation to the intake of dietary supplements. 3. The variance of the intake of dietary supplements could be explained by the independent variables which included the gender, grade,socioeconomic, peceived benefits, peceived barriers, family support, and the explanation power was 17.1﹪. As the result of this study, I suggest teachers should teach their students how to have the correct concepts in using dietary supplements. Besides, the government should oversee the products. Under the superintendence of the government, parents can have a safe environment to choose their proper dietary supplements. In the future study, I hope there might be a deeper investigation for the parents in using dietary supplements.