親子衝突、家庭支持與青少年幸福感關係

Abstract

本研究旨在探討臺北縣市之青少年其親子衝突、家庭支持與幸福感之間的關係。在取樣上，本研究採分層非隨機叢集方式，抽取臺北縣市公私立國高中學生進行問卷調查，共計發出860份問卷，回收824份問卷，經剔除無效問卷後，得有效問卷共計640份。研究工具包括「親子衝突量表」、「家庭支持量表」、「幸福感量表」與「個人背景資料」，並以SPSS12.0進行資料分析，再以描述統計、t考驗、單因子變異數分析、皮爾遜積差相關、多元迴歸分析來進行統計考驗。分析結果如下：

一、青少年的親子衝突、家庭支持、幸福感的狀況 （一）青少年因上網時間之親子衝突比例最高。 （二）當衝突發生時，青少年的感受介於偶爾有點生氣與有時生氣間。 （三）青少年的親子衝突程度並不嚴重。 （四）青少年在親子衝突後所獲得的家庭支持略低。 （五）整體而言，青少年的幸福感尚有進步空間 二、青少年親子衝突之分析 （一）青少年的母子衝突程度會因為性別的不同而有顯著差異。 （二）女生與父親、母親的親子衝突程度會有顯著差異。 （三）青少年的親子衝突程度會因學校類別不同而有顯著差異。 三、青少年幸福感之分析 （一）青少年幸福感會因學校類別的不同而有顯著差異。 （二）青少年幸福管會因會父母教育程度的不同而有顯著差異。 （三）學校類別、整體親子衝突程度對青少年幸福感有顯著解釋力。 四、衝突後的訊息性、實質性與情感性支持在整體親子衝突程度與幸福感間具 有調節作用 透過迴歸分析發現，整體親子衝突程度對幸福感的影響會受到訊息性、實質性與情感性支持的調節，而減緩其負面的影響。將訊息性支持劃分為高低組後，不論為高支持組或低支持組，其整體親子衝突程度與訊息性支持皆可顯著解釋幸福感；若同處於高衝突的狀況下，高支持組的幸福感會比低支持組佳。 將實質性支持分為高低組後，對高支持組而言，整體親子衝突程度並無法解釋幸福感，而低支持組的親子衝突程度與實質性支持皆可解釋幸福感；並且於同處於高衝突的情況下，高支持組的幸福感會比較低支持組佳。 而在情感性支持部分，不論是對高情感性支持組或是低情感性支持組來說，整體親子衝突程度與情感性支持皆能顯著解釋幸福感，若同處於高衝突的狀況下，高支持組的幸福感會比低支持組佳。

The aim of this study is to explore the relationship among parent-adolescent conflict, family support, and well-being of senior and junior high school students in Taipei city and Taipei county. A questionnaire survey method and proportionate stratified judgmental sampling are used in this study. Out of 860 copies of questionnaires distributed, 824 copies are collected and 640 of which are effective samples. The instruments of the study include “parent-adolescent conflict scale,”“family support scale,” “well-being scale,” and “basic demographic information.” The result data is analyzed with SPSS 12.0. Statistic methods include descriptive statistics, t-test. One-way ANOVA, Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis. The analysis results are as follows:

1.The status of adolescents’parent-adolescent conflict, family support, and well-being (1)Adolescent’s online time has the highest percentage of all parent-adolescent conflicts. (2)When conflict occurs, adolescent’s feeling is between seldom angry and sometimes angry. (3)Parent- adolescent conflict of adolescents isn't severe. (4)After parent-adolescent conflict, adolescents’ family support is relatively low . (5)Further improvement is needed in adolescents’ well-being.

2.Analysis of adolescents’parent-adolescent conflict (1)The gender leads to a significant difference in mother-adolescent conflict. (2)Girl’s parent-adolescent conflict is a significant difference between father and mother. (3)The adolescents in different phases of education have a significant difference in parent-adolescent conflict.

3.Analysis of adolescents’well-being (1)The adolescents in different phases of education have a significant difference in their well-being. (2)The education level of parents leads to a significant difference in adolescents’ well-being. (3)The phases of education and overall parent-adolescent conflict have a significant power in explaining adolescents’ well-being.

4.Informational support, instrumental support, and emotional support can moderate the relationship between overall level of parent-adolescent conflict and well-being Findings of regression analysis show that informational support, instrumental support, and emotional support can mitigate the negative effects to adolescents’ well-being by overall level of parent-adolescent conflict. In respect of informational support, both low and high support subgroups the overall level of parent-adolescent conflict and informational support have a significant power in explaining well-being. When in high conflict situation, the high support subgroup gets higher level of well-being than low support subgroup. For the high support subgroup of instrumental support, the overall level of parent-adolescent conflict doesn’t have a significant explanatory power on well-being; while for the low support subgroup, both the overall level of parent-adolescent conflict and instrumental support have a significant power in explaining well-being. When both are in a high conflict situation, the high support subgroup tends to have a higher well-being than low support subgroup. In respect of emotional support, both low and high support subgroups, the overall level of parent-adolescent conflict and emotional support have a significant power in explaining well-being. When in high conflict situation, the high support subgroup gets higher level of well-being than the low support subgroup.