以商業生態系統觀點探討台灣影視產業現象研究

Abstract

在全球化的數位時代下，影視產業的邊界慢慢縮小，形成了互融共同的環境模式，近年來越來越多的進口片進入台灣，搶占影視市場，這樣的轉變對於台灣鬆散的影視產業而言，無疑是一場災難，台灣本土影片與好萊塢影片根本無法相提並論，同期，中國大陸大力發展影視產業，高薪聘請台灣影視人才，吸引了一大批人才到對岸，致使台灣影視人才大量外流，台灣影視產業危機重重，必須在夾縫求生。政府對影視產業的不重視，導致影視產業發展緩慢，研究者作為資深電影導演及製片，希望可以為台灣影視產業尋找一條出路，讓其能夠蓬勃發展。本研究運用商業生態系統視角來探討台灣影視產業，在搜集了大量影視產業相關資料，以及深度訪談所得資料整理，結合研究者對台灣影視產業發展脈絡與現況的思考，整理出目前台灣影視產業面臨4個面向問題，想要解決這些問題，就必須建構一套屬於台灣的影視生態系統；本研究先對商業生態系統理論進行探討，根據其自下而上、企業關係（基石者、利基者、連結支援者）、市場為導向、演化路徑等要素來分析影視產業，進而為台灣影視產業建構出適合的影視生態系統。In the digital era of globalization, the boundaries of the film and television industry are gradually shrinking, forming a common environment mode of mutual integration. In recent years, more and more imported films enter Taiwan to seize the film and television market. Such a change is undoubtedly a disaster for the loose film and television industry in Taiwan, and the local films in Taiwan cannot be compared with Hollywood films. Mainland China has made great efforts to develop the film and television industry and hired Taiwan film and television talents at high salaries, attracting a large number of talents to the other side, resulting in a large outflow of Taiwan film and television talents, and Taiwan's film and television industry is beset with crises and survival. The government's neglect of the film and television industry leads to the slow development of the industry. As a senior film director and producer, the researcher hopes to find a way out for Taiwan's film and television industry so that it can flourish. This study uses the perspective of business ecosystem to explore the film and television industry in Taiwan, collects a large number of relevant information about the film and television industry, and sorts out the data obtained from in-depth interviews. Combined with the researchers' thinking on the development context and current situation of the film and television industry in Taiwan, it sorts out 4 dilemmas and 10 problems that the film and television industry in Taiwan is currently facing. It is necessary to construct a set of film and television ecosystem belonging to Taiwan. This study first discusses the business ecosystem theory, analyzes the film and television industry according to its bottom-up, enterprise relationship (cornerstone, niche, link support),market-oriented, evolutionary path and other factors, and then constructs a suitable film and television ecosystem for Taiwan film and television industry.