台北市公立幼稚園教師對幼童採取腸病毒防治教學行為與其相關因 素研究

Abstract

中文摘要

本研究旨應用健康信念模式探討台北市公立幼稚園教師對幼童 採取腸病毒防治行為的相關因素，以九十五學年度台北市公立幼稚園 教師為母群體，依機率比率抽樣法抽取樣本．並以自填式結構問卷進 行調查，得有效樣本265名，研究主要發現分述如下：

一、研究對象的年齡層較偏高齡化；學歷部分以大學以上者為居多； 任教年資大多介於16~20年之間。外在線索來源以「我看（收聽） 過有關腸病毒防治內容的電視、錄影（音）帶或廣播」最多，其 次是「我閱讀過有關腸病毒防治內容的衛教單張、手冊或書報雜 誌」；而內在線索來源部份的結果顯示研究對象在接觸幼童感染 腸病毒的就醫經驗上是較缺乏。

二、研究對象之自覺幼童腸病毒罹患性、嚴重性及對幼童腸病毒防治 有效性等健康信念均呈現中上程度，自覺幼童腸病毒防治障礙性 則屬中下程度。研究對象對於幼童採取腸病毒防治教學行為的分 佈情形大多介於「經常」與「總是」之間，整體而言，研究對象 對於幼童採取腸病毒防治的行為是偏於積極的。

三、「自覺幼童腸病毒罹患性」、「自覺幼童感染腸病毒嚴重性」、「自 覺幼童腸病毒防治有效性」越高及接受越多腸病毒防治之「行動 線索」者，而「自覺幼童腸病毒防治障礙性」越低者，越會積極 對幼童採取腸病毒防治教學行為。

四、研究對象之社會人口學變項、腸病毒防治健康信念與行動線索等 變項解釋對幼童採取的腸病毒防治教學行為，總變異量達34.4 ﹪，其中顯著的預測變項為「自覺幼童腸病毒防治障礙性」、「年 資」、「自覺幼童腸病毒防治有效性」及「行動線索」等四項，而 以「自覺幼童腸病毒防治障礙性」的標準化回歸係數最大。

關鍵字：健康信念模式、幼稚園教師、腸病毒、幼童Abstract

The purpose of this research concerns the application of a “Health Belief Model in an investigation on the factors influencing public kindergarten teachers in adopting enterovirus preventive measures for children. The survey is conducted by self-fulfilled questionnaire; the population is drawn from the public kindergarten teachers in Taipei city at 2006 school year. The sample is taken by probability ratio sample method. The total number of effective sample is 265. The major findings of the research are as follows：

Most of the kindergarten teachers is senior. Most of the kindergarten teachers have university or above degree, teaching seniority is between 16 ~20 years. The majority of outer clue source is “I watched (listen) to the TV, video or broadcasting of enterovirus preventing measures”. The second of outer clue source is“I read health educational DM, booklets, books or magazines.” .The inner clue source research finding shows the sample lacks the experience of sending enterovirus infected children to hospitals.

The health belief of research targets in self awareness in children enterovirus infections, severances and preventive effeteness are medium or above average. However, the self awareness of children enterovirous preventive obstacles is blow average. The distribution of research targets taken enterovirus preventive teachings to children is mostly between “often” and “always”. Generally speaking, the research targets take active actions toward enterovirus preventive measures.

The higher scores in “self awareness to children infected by

enterovirus”, “self awareness of the severity to children infected by enterovirus”, “self awareness of the effectiveness of enterovirus preventive measures to children” and more “action clue” in enterovirus prevention, the more enterovirus preventive teachings will be taken to children. The lower scores in “self awareness of obstacles to enterovirus preventive measures to children”, the more enterovirus preventive teachings will be taken to children.

The total variance is 34.4% in explaining the enterovirus preventive teachings to children by research targets’ social-demographic variables, enterovirus preventive health belief and action clues. The most obvious predicted variables are “self awareness of obstacles to enterovirus preventive measures to children”, “seniority”, “self awareness of the effectiveness of enterovirus preventive measures to children” and “action clue”. The “self awareness of obstacles to enterovirus preventive measures to children” has the greatest standardized regression factors, which also means the greatest explanations to enterovirus preventive teachings to children.