英國國定課程評析

Abstract

英國在一九四四年頒佈教育法案，除了宗教教育之外，沒有有關課程的規定；1988年英國頒佈教育改革法案，在第一部分即涉及有關國定課程及國定測驗的條文。兩個法案相隔四十四年，課程政策由教師的自主演變成國家的制定，在英國激起很大的爭辯。即使在今天，雖然該法案已頒佈四年，但是爭辯的餘波仍然盪漾。本文擬分五部分加以介紹：一是國定課程制定的影響因素，二是國定課程的發展，三是國定課程的內涵，四是國定課程實施的評鑑，五是國定課程的批評，而暫不涉及國家測驗。

The Education Reform Act 1988 contains the articles about the National Curriculum for England and Wales. The National Curriculum has been implemented for about three years, and the related topics has become the focus of education issues. This paper tries to explore the factors making the National Curriculum established, the development process, content, evaluation and critique of the National Curriculum. Since 1944 Education Act passed primary and secondary school teachers held the autonomy for curriculum. After 1979, the Conservative Party was in power, and the New Rights ideology dominated the direction of educational policy. The National Curriculum is the product of the New Right ideology. The content of the National Curriculum includes ten foundation subjects that separately involve the Attainment Targets and Program of Study ranked as ten levels. Having been implemented for three years, the National Curriculum has been evaluated and reviewed by HMI and some other people. Some suggestions and critiques are worthy of thinking.