碎形圖像構成在海報設計上之應用與研究

Abstract

「碎形」（Fractal）有破碎、不規則之意，自1975年曼德布洛特（Mandelbrot）提出碎形幾何學（Fractal Geometry）以來，碎形理論從此解開了人類複雜無規則結構中的規律性及物理本質，並能用來解釋大自然中的許多現象。碎形之造形特徵包括：「自我相似性」、「分數的維度」、「混沌的動態性」、「無限的延展性」等，碎形結構與特徵隨處可見，它可以說存在於大自然萬物系統中，也與人類的生活空間互動，其特徵決定了每一件形體的獨特性。碎形理論所可以論述及應用的範圍相當廣泛，過去多應用於資訊理工等相關科系；然而在設計領域中，雖然目前已有幾位研究者將碎形應用於產品設計或視覺傳達設計上，但在人們時常接觸的海報設計中如何運用碎形圖像之可行性卻未有較多的發展研究，因此本研究之目的在探討如何將隨處可見的碎形造形特徵應用於海報設計上，期為海報設計尋求一個新的圖像運用可能與契機，並發展碎形理論在平面設計應用上之可能性。 本研究之研究方法為透過碎形幾何理論及相關研究之文獻分析，綜合歸納出碎形造形特徵應用於海報設計之方法，並利用碎形軟體等工具，發展設計創作方法實驗。在碎形圖像實驗基礎上，將更複雜之碎形圖像透過編排、合成與繪製，結合創作主題理念應用於海報設計上，並發展碎形圖像構成應用於海報設計之可能性。因此依研究目的與研究發現，本研究之研究結果為： 一、碎形造形特徵能透過軟體工具的運用作為海報設計創作之方法。 二、碎形造形特徵能以更複雜的圖像構成應用於海報設計中。 三、根據分析出的碎形創作方法，碎形造形特徵能結合主題理念將圖像構成應用於海報設計上。 四、將碎形圖像構成應用於海報設計上是具有發展潛力的。 五、透過美的形式原理與研究者的美感經驗能將碎形圖像更豐富多元地結合至海報設計中。

Fractal means "broken" or "fractured." Since Mandelbrot published the "Fractal Geometry in 1975," the Fractal Theory has not only unraveled the pattern and nature of human's complicated and irregular structure, but also explained many phenomenons in nature. A fractal has the following features: Self-Similarity, Fractional Dimension, Chaotic Dynamics, and Unlimited Expansion. Fractals are everywhere. They exist in nature, interact with the living space of human being, and decide the uniqueness of every object.

Fractal Theory can apply and refer to many different spheres. It is used to be applied in the information and technology world. Although there are some scholars using the fractals on Product Design and Visual Communication Design in the design sphere, in Poster Design with which people often contact, there are few researches about applying the fractal images. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to discuss how to use fractal images, which can be seen everywhere, in Poster Design, to search for a new opportunity and chance of using new images, and to find a possibility to use Fractal Theory in Graphic Design.

The method of this research is finding the way of utilizing fractal images in Poster Design through analyzing Fractal Theory and researches that are related, and using tools, such as the fractal-generating software, to design and create the method of the experiment. On the basic of the experiment, then combine much more complicated fractal images with the idea of a creative work on the Poster Design, and develop the possibility of applying the fractal image construction on Poster Design.

To sum up, according to the research purpose and discovery, the conclusion of the research is that: 1. Fractal images can be used on Poster Design through the software. 2. Fractal images which are more complicated can also be applied to the Poster Design. 3. Fractal images can combine with the ideas, being applied to the Poster Design. 4. It has potential to apply fractal image construction to the Poster Design. 5. Through principles form and researcher’s experiences of beauty, fractal images can be combined with poster design more profusely and diversely.